RELA Rabbit pAb - Q04207

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: RELA/p65 Function and Localization

• RELA/p65 is a subunit of the NF-kappa-B transcription factor complex, which is a pleiotropic regulator present in almost all cell types and plays a central role in inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis, and apoptosis.
• NF-kappa-B complexes are homo- or heterodimers formed by RELA, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL, and NFKB2/p52; the RELA-NFKB1 heterodimer is the most abundant form and functions as a transcriptional activator by binding to kappa-B sites in target gene promoters.
• RELA can modulate promoter accessibility to transcription factors and indirectly regulate gene expression, contributing to its broad regulatory potential. Related references: PMID:29813070
• In unstimulated cells, NF-kappa-B dimers are sequestered in the cytoplasm by inhibitor I-kappa-B proteins; upon activation, I-kappa-B is phosphorylated and degraded, freeing RELA to translocate to the nucleus.
• RELA undergoes multiple post-translational modifications, including acetylation and phosphorylation, which fine-tune its transcriptional activity, DNA-binding affinity, and interactions with cofactors.
• At the protein level, RELA is expressed in the myocardium, suggesting tissue-specific roles beyond its ubiquitous signaling functions.
• The subcellular localization of RELA is dynamically regulated, cycling between the cytoplasm and nucleus depending on the activation state of the NF-kappa-B pathway.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to amino acids 400–500 at the C-terminus of mouse RELA, ensuring recognition of the full-length protein across species with high homology. Consider sequence alignment if extending use to other organisms.
• For Western blot, a band at approximately 60 kDa is expected; include appropriate positive controls (e.g., stimulated HeLa or RAW 264.7 cells) and verify specificity using knockdown or knockout lysates if available.
• In immunofluorescence/ICC, RELA localization is typically cytoplasmic in resting cells and nuclear upon NF-kappa-B activation; optimize fixation and permeabilization conditions to preserve this signal and use appropriate stimuli (e.g., TNF-alpha) to validate nuclear translocation.
• For ELISA applications, pairing with a validated capture antibody may improve assay sensitivity. Titrate the antibody to determine optimal working concentrations in your specific sample matrix.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers, laboratories, and research institutes with integrated access to a broad portfolio of IVD raw materials, including validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, and bulk ancillary reagents. For targets like RELA/p65 in inflammation and oncology research, we support your development pipeline with consistent, high-quality raw materials—from concept to clinic. Partner with us to efficiently source even rare-specificity reagents and accelerate your assay development.