Rabbit anti-Mouse CD28 Monoclonal Antibody for Flow Cytometry - P31041

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: CD28 Function and Localization

• CD28 is a T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein that functions as a co-stimulatory receptor essential for T-cell activation, proliferation, survival, and maintenance of immune homeostasis (PubMed:7688139). Related references: PMID:7688139
• It acts as an amplifier of T-cell receptor (TCR) signals and delivers unique intracellular signals that alter the gene expression program of T-cells.
• Upon engagement of its ligands CD80 (B7-1) or CD86 (B7-2), CD28 enhances production of multiple cytokines, most prominently IL-2, in both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets.
• Signaling involves recruitment of protein kinase C-theta (PRKCQ) and GRB2, leading to NF-kappa-B activation through PI3K/Akt-dependent and -independent pathways.
• In conjunction with TCR/CD3 ligation and CD40L co-stimulation, CD28 promotes the production of IL-4 and IL-10 in T-cells.
• CD28 is localized to the cell membrane and is a single-pass type I transmembrane protein containing an extracellular immunoglobulin-like V-type domain.
• Post-translational modifications include N-linked glycosylation, disulfide bond formation, and phosphorylation, which regulate its surface expression and signaling functions.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen (amino acids 20–149) covers the extracellular domain, making this monoclonal antibody suitable for detecting native CD28 on the cell surface by flow cytometry.
• For FC, titrate the -conjugated antibody to determine optimal staining concentration and include an isotype control to assess non‑specific binding.
• has excitation/emission maxima ~650/665 nm; ensure proper compensation when combining with other fluorophores (e.g., PE, FITC) in multi‑color panels.
• Validate staining on known CD28-positive mouse T-cell lines or primary activated splenocytes, and consider fixation/permeabilization if intracellular targets are also analyzed.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers and research laboratories with comprehensive access to IVD raw materials, including validated antibody pairs, bulk monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, and ancillary reagents. This anti‑mouse CD28 antibody supports T‑cell biology research and immuno‑oncology assay development. For large‑scale or custom IVD projects, CamelBio streamlines procurement and technical support to help you move from concept to clinic efficiently.