Rabbit anti-Human/Monkey IgM mAb - P01871-1

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: IgM Function and Localization

• Isoform 1 of Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu (IGHM), also known as Ig mu chain C region, constitutes the constant region (Fc) of secreted IgM antibodies, providing structural basis for effector functions.
• Secreted IgM multimerizes into high-order polymers, predominantly pentamers and occasionally hexamers, ensuring multivalency and high-avidity antigen binding (PubMed:32029689, PubMed:37095205). Related references: PMID:32029689 PMID:37095205
• Natural serum IgM (natural IgM) is polyreactive, recognizing conserved self and pathogen motifs, while immune IgM is produced upon pathogen exposure and is antigen-specific; both are essential for an effective humoral immune response.
• IgM mediates classical complement pathway activation by recruiting C1q, and together with C1q and mannose-binding lectin it facilitates macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, aiding in the clearance of potential autoimmune epitopes (PubMed:12847249, PubMed:19006321, PubMed:28230186). Related references: PMID:12847249 PMID:19006321 PMID:28230186
• Through high-affinity binding to the Fc receptor FCMR on lymphoid cells, sIgM promotes robust neutralizing IgG responses while maintaining self-tolerance.
• In mucosal immunity, IgM is transcytosed across epithelial cells by the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) to form secretory IgM, which scans mucosal surfaces; antigen-bound IgM is retrotranscytosed via FCMR on M cells for delivery to antigen-presenting cells (PubMed:32029689). Related references: PMID:32029689
• The protein is secreted and has a molecular weight of approximately 49.4 kDa.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen spans the CH2–CH3 region of the IgM constant domain, which is highly conserved across primates; cross-reactivity with cynomolgus IgM is confirmed, but testing in other species is recommended.
• For immunofluorescence/immunocytochemistry (IF/ICC), optimize fixation and permeabilization protocols to balance epitope preservation and signal intensity; surface staining may require milder conditions.
• In flow cytometry (FC), titrate the conjugate to achieve optimal separation of IgM-positive B-cell or plasmablast populations, and include appropriate isotype controls.
• Due to the large size of pentameric IgM, consider using gentle cell handling and avoid harsh centrifugation that could disrupt IgM complexes.

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