ABflo 594 Rabbit anti-Human CD104/Integrin beta-4 Monoclonal Antibody for IF/ICC,FC - P16144

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Integrin beta-4 Function and Localization

• Integrin alpha-6/beta-4 (ITGA6:ITGB4) is a receptor for laminin and plays a critical structural role in hemidesmosomes of epithelial cells.
• ITGA6:ITGB4 is required for the regulation of keratinocyte polarity and motility.
• ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to NRG1 (via EGF domain) and this binding is essential for NRG1-ERBB signaling. Related references: PMID:20682778
• ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to IGF1 and this binding is essential for IGF1 signaling. Related references: PMID:22351760
• ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to IGF2 and this binding is essential for IGF2 signaling. Related references: PMID:28873464
• Subcellularly, integrin beta-4 localizes to the cell membrane and is enriched at hemidesmosomes, specialized cell junctions.
• The protein is predominantly expressed by epithelia, with specific isoforms (beta-4D, beta-4E) showing tissue-specific expression in colon, placenta, epidermis, lung, duodenum, heart, spleen, and stomach.
• Integrin beta-4 is a glycoprotein, phosphoprotein, and palmitoylated, with multiple EGF-like domains, disulfide bonds, and metal-binding sites, consistent with its role as a transmembrane receptor.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the extracellular domain (aa 611-710) of human integrin beta-4, making this antibody suitable for detecting cell surface-localized protein in IF/ICC and flow cytometry without permeabilization, or with mild permeabilization for intracellular pools.
• For flow cytometry, validate the antibody in your specific cell system using appropriate isotype controls and ensure proper Fc blocking to avoid non-specific binding.
• In IF/ICC, consider fixation with paraformaldehyde and permeabilization with Triton X-100 or saponin if targeting intracellular or junctional pools; however, cell surface staining may only require fixation.
• Since the immunogen is a recombinant protein, the antibody may recognize both native and denatured forms, but empirical testing in each assay is recommended.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers and researchers with streamlined access to high-quality IVD raw materials, including this monoclonal anti-Integrin beta-4 antibody for applications in epithelial cell biology and hemidesmosome research. As your one-stop sourcing partner, we supply validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and can source rare-target raw materials to support your assay development pipeline.