Phospho-Tau (Ser198/Ser199/Ser202) Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB and ELISA - P10636

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Tau Function and Localization

• Tau (microtubule-associated protein tau) is encoded by the MAPT gene and exists as multiple isoforms via alternative splicing, with short isoforms promoting cytoskeletal plasticity and longer isoforms stabilizing microtubules in neurons.
• Tau promotes microtubule assembly and stability, acting as a linker protein between axonal microtubules (via its C-terminus) and neural plasma membrane components (via its N-terminus), which is essential for neuronal polarity (PubMed:21985311, PubMed:32961270). Related references: PMID:21985311 PMID:32961270
• Tau localization to the axon is determined by the centrosome, thereby contributing to the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity.
• Subcellularly, tau is found in the cytoplasm, cytosol, cytoskeleton, and cell membrane; it localizes to axons and dendrites, and can also be secreted.
• Hyperphosphorylation of tau leads to its aggregation into paired helical filaments (PHF-tau), forming neurofibrillary tangles that are hallmark pathologies in Alzheimer disease and related tauopathies.
• Tau is predominantly expressed in neurons, with the PNS-tau isoform expressed in the peripheral nervous system and other isoforms in the central nervous system.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen is a synthetic peptide phosphorylated at Ser198, Ser199, and Ser202; therefore, this antibody is expected to recognize Tau only when these residues are phosphorylated. Consider using phosphatase inhibitors during sample preparation to preserve phosphorylation.
• For Western blot, the expected molecular weight is approximately 79 kDa for the full-length isoform, but multiple bands may appear due to alternative splicing and phosphorylation states. Validate in relevant neuronal cell lines or brain tissue lysates.
• In ELISA, use phosphorylated peptide or protein standards to confirm specificity for the phosphorylated epitope.
• Cross-reactivity with mouse and rat has been reported; however, sequence alignment of the phospho-site should be verified for your specific target species and isoform.

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