Phospho-Tau-S404 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, IHC-P, ELISA - P10636

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Tau (MAPT) Function and Localization

• Microtubule-associated protein tau promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and is implicated in establishing and maintaining neuronal polarity. Related references: PMID:21985311 PMID:32961270
• The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus interacts with neural plasma membrane components, suggesting a linker function between the cytoskeleton and membrane.
• Multiple isoforms exist via alternative splicing; shorter isoforms allow cytoskeletal plasticity, while longer isoforms may preferentially stabilize microtubules.
• Subcellular localization includes cytoplasm, cytosol, cell membrane, cytoskeleton, axons, and dendrites; tau can also be secreted.
• Expressed in neurons; isoform PNS-tau is specific to the peripheral nervous system, whereas other isoforms are central nervous system-specific.
• Extensive post-translational modifications include phosphorylation (e.g., at S404), acetylation, ubiquitination, and glycation; hyperphosphorylation is a hallmark of Alzheimer disease and other tauopathies.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen is a phosphorylated peptide around Ser404; antibody specificity depends on phosphorylation status. Consider including phosphatase inhibitors in lysis buffers for WB and other assays.
• For WB, the predicted band is around 79 kDa; validate expression in neuronal cell lines or brain tissue lysates.
• For IF/ICC and IHC-P, optimize fixation and antigen retrieval conditions to preserve phosphorylation signals.
• For ELISA, the antibody may be suitable for capturing or detecting phospho-Tau (S404) in biological fluids; validate in the relevant sample system.

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