Phospho-Raf1-S338 Rabbit pAb for WB, IHC-P, ELISA - P04049

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Raf1 Function and Localization

• RAF1 encodes the Raf-1 serine/threonine-protein kinase (also known as c-RAF), a critical transducer of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway that governs cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and oncogenic transformation.
• Raf1 activation requires phosphorylation at Ser338 (and Ser339) by PAK1, which triggers a kinase cascade: Raf1 phosphorylates and activates MEK1/2, which in turn phosphorylate ERK1/2.
• Phosphorylated Raf1 (p-Ser338) also directly phosphorylates BAD at Ser75, inhibiting its pro-apoptotic function and promoting cell survival.
• Raf1 is distributed across multiple cellular compartments—cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, and nucleus—enabling context-dependent signaling; mitochondrial Raf1 binds BCL2 to block apoptosis.
• In skeletal muscle, isoform 1 of Raf1 is more abundant than isoform 2, suggesting tissue-specific regulation.
• Mutations in RAF1 are linked to Noonan syndrome and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and the gene is a well-established proto-oncogene frequently hyperactivated in human cancers.
• Key post-translational modifications include serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphorylation, methylation, and ubiquitination, which finely tune Raf1 activity and stability.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen is a synthetic phosphorylated peptide around Ser338; thus, the antibody specifically recognizes Raf1 only when phosphorylated at this site. For western blotting, include phosphatase inhibitors in lysis buffers and consider treating samples with EGF or serum to stimulate phosphorylation.
• For IHC-P, verify phospho-specificity by comparing staining with and without phosphatase treatment; antigen retrieval conditions may require optimization for phosphorylated epitopes.
• This antibody is validated for WB, IHC-P, and ELISA. When performing quantitative ELISA, use appropriate phospho-peptide and non-phospho-peptide controls to confirm specificity.
• Cross-reacts with human, mouse, and rat Raf1 based on supplier data; validate in the desired sample system to ensure consistent performance.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio is your comprehensive partner for IVD raw-material sourcing, from concept to clinic. Our catalog includes this Phospho-Raf1-S338 Rabbit pAb, ideal for MAPK pathway research and cancer diagnostics. Whether you need validated antibody pairs, bulk monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies, or rare target reagents, CamelBio provides reliable supply and technical support to accelerate your assay development.