Phospho-NF-kB p65/RelA-S536 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody for WB, ELISA - Q04206

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Transcription Factor p65 Function and Localization

• Protein identity and complex formation: Transcription factor p65 (RELA) is a key subunit of the NF-kB transcription factor complex. It forms homo- or heterodimers with other NF-kB/Rel family proteins; the RELA-NFKB1 heterodimer is the most abundant and acts as a transcriptional activator.
• Core biological roles: NF-kB regulates a wide array of biological processes, including inflammation, immunity, cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. It is essential for cytokine gene expression in T-cells.
  Related references: PMID:15790681
• Antiviral response: RELA functions as a key transcription factor in the interferon response during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  Related references: PMID:33440148
• Subcellular localization and activation: In unstimulated cells, NF-kB is sequestered in the cytoplasm by I-kB inhibitor proteins. Upon stimulation, I-kB is phosphorylated by IKK and degraded, freeing RELA to translocate to the nucleus and activate target gene transcription.
• Phosphorylation at Ser536: RELA phosphorylation at Ser536 is a critical post-translational modification that enhances its transcriptional activity, promotes nuclear localization, and may modulate interactions with coactivators.
• Other modifications and host interactions: In addition to phosphorylation, RELA is modified by acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and S-nitrosylation, and it participates in host-virus interactions.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• This antibody was raised against a synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser536 of human RELA; it is expected to specifically recognize the phosphorylated form of the protein.
• For Western blotting (WB), consider stimulating cells with known NF-kB activators (e.g., TNF-α, LPS) to induce Ser536 phosphorylation. Include phosphatase inhibitors in lysis buffers to preserve the phospho-epitope.
• Validate the specificity of the phospho-signal by comparing stimulated versus unstimulated samples, or by treating lysates with lambda phosphatase prior to WB.
• For ELISA applications, optimize assay conditions for phospho-protein detection and consider using a phospho-specific detection antibody to ensure specificity.
• The antibody is reported to cross-react with mouse and rat RELA; confirm reactivity with appropriate lysates from these species.

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CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers, labs, and research institutes with one-stop access to IVD raw materials, technical services, and consulting—covering every stage from concept to clinic. We offer validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and rare target raw-material sourcing. Our NF-kB p65 phospho-specific antibody supports research in inflammation, immunology, and oncology, and we provide complementary reagents and custom sourcing to accelerate your diagnostic development.