Phospho-NF-kB p65/RelA-S529 Rabbit pAb for WB, ELISA - Q04206

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Transcription Factor p65 Function and Localization

• NF-kB p65 (RELA) is a subunit of the NF-kappa-B transcription factor complex, which forms homo- or heterodimers with other Rel proteins such as NFKB1/p50, RELB, REL, and NFKB2/p52.
• The heterodimer RELA-NFKB1 is the most abundant complex, binding kappa-B DNA sites to regulate transcription of genes involved in inflammation, immunity, cell growth, apoptosis, and other processes.
• RELA is predominantly cytoplasmic in an inactive state bound to I-kappa-B inhibitors; upon stimulation, IKK-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of I-kappa-B releases RELA for nuclear translocation.
• RELA is essential for cytokine gene expression in T-cells. Related references: PMID:15790681
• RELA is a key transcription factor regulating the interferon response during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Related references: PMID:33440148
• RELA undergoes various post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and S-nitrosylation, which modulate its activity; phosphorylation at Ser529 (the immunogen site) is one such regulatory event.
• Subcellular localization is primarily nuclear upon activation, but RELA also shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen is a synthetic phosphorylated peptide around Ser529 of human RELA, making this antibody specific for the phosphorylated form. Use phosphatase inhibitors during sample preparation to preserve phospho-signals.
• For Western blotting, validate the antibody in relevant cell lines or tissues stimulated to induce NF-kB activation, and include appropriate controls (e.g., non-stimulated or phosphatase-treated samples) to confirm phospho-specificity.
• The antibody cross-reacts with human, mouse, and rat RELA, so it can be used across these species; however, verify specificity in the target sample system.
• In ELISA applications, optimization of coating conditions and detection range is recommended for consistent results.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio supports diagnostic and research communities with streamlined access to high-quality IVD raw materials, including this rabbit polyclonal antibody against phospho-NF-kB p65/RelA-S529. Our portfolio covers validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal/polyclonal reagents, and bulk ancillary materials tailored for inflammation and cell signaling applications. From rare target sourcing to large-scale supply, CamelBio acts as a reliable procurement partner, helping you accelerate development from concept to clinic.