Phospho-Glucocorticoid Receptor-S211 Rabbit pAb for WB, ELISA - P04150

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Glucocorticoid Receptor Function and Localization

• Glucocorticoid receptor (GR), encoded by the NR3C1 gene, is a member of the nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1. Multiple isoforms are generated through alternative splicing and alternative translation initiation, each exhibiting distinct transcriptional activities and tissue distributions.

• GR acts as a receptor for glucocorticoids, functioning through a dual mechanism: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors. This influences inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation, and differentiation. Related references: PMID:27120390 PMID:37478846 PMID:28139699

• It is involved in chromatin remodeling (PubMed:9590696) and plays a role in rapid mRNA degradation by binding to the 5' UTR of target mRNAs and recruiting the RNA helicase UPF1 and the mRNA-decapping enzyme DCP1A, leading to RNA decay. Related references: PMID:9590696 PMID:25775514

• GR mediates transcriptional activation and repression (PubMed:11435610, PubMed:15769988, PubMed:15866175), promotes glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis (PubMed:23303127), and supports accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis, suggesting a tumor-suppressive role. Related references: PMID:11435610 PMID:15769988 PMID:15866175 PMID:23303127 PMID:25847991

• Subcellular distribution includes the cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, spindle, centrosome, and chromatin, reflecting its dynamic shuttling and diverse functional sites.

• The receptor is widely expressed in tissues such as bone, stomach, lung, liver, colon, breast, ovary, pancreas, kidney, and heart, indicating its broad physiological relevance. Related references: PMID:25847991 PMID:10902803

• Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, and ubiquitination regulate GR stability, subcellular localization, and transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation at Ser211, within the N-terminal transactivation domain, modulates receptor function.

• Isoforms display a range of transcriptional potencies; for example, isoform Beta acts as a dominant-negative inhibitor of isoform Alpha, affecting hormone binding and gene regulation, while other isoforms contribute to glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Related references: PMID:20484466 PMID:7769088 PMID:8621628 PMID:26711253

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• Use phosphatase inhibitors during sample preparation for Western blot to preserve the phosphorylation signal at Ser211.
• Consider peptide blocking assays using the phospho-peptide and its non-phosphorylated counterpart to confirm antibody specificity.
• For ELISA, the immunogen peptide can serve as a positive control and to standardize coating concentrations.
• Given the predicted molecular weight of ~86 kDa, optimize polyacrylamide gel percentage and electroblotting conditions for efficient transfer of high-molecular-weight proteins.
• Validate antibody performance in human or mouse cell lines stimulated with glucocorticoids (e.g., dexamethasone) to confirm phosphorylation-specific detection.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio offers a comprehensive suite of IVD raw materials and technical support for glucocorticoid receptor research and phospho-specific assay development. We provide validated phospho-antibodies, matched antibody pairs, and bulk ancillary reagents to streamline immunoassay manufacturing. Our global sourcing network enables rapid access to rare targets and custom antibody production, supporting every stage from concept to clinical application.