Phospho-FOXO4-S197 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, ELISA - P98177

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: FOXO4 Function and Localization

• Forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4), also known as AFX, AFX1, or MLLT7, is a transcription factor of the forkhead family.
• FOXO4 binds to insulin-response elements (IREs) and regulates the insulin signaling pathway by activating transcription of targets such as IGFBP1.
• It functions as a negative regulator of the cell cycle and is involved in cellular differentiation and developmental processes.
• FOXO4 down-regulates HIF1A expression and suppresses hypoxia-induced transcriptional activation, linking it to oxygen-sensing pathways.
• In embryonic stem cells, FOXO4 enhances proteasome activity by upregulating PSMD11, promoting 26S proteasome assembly.
• The protein localizes to both the cytoplasm and nucleus, with nucleocytoplasmic shuttling regulated by phosphorylation.
• FOXO4 is widely expressed, with highest levels in heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, and pancreas; isoform zeta predominates in liver, kidney, and pancreas.
• Key post-translational modifications include phosphorylation (e.g., at Ser197), acetylation, and ubiquitination, which modulate its activity and stability.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen is a synthetic phosphopeptide spanning Ser197; for phospho-specific detection, consider treating samples with lambda phosphatase to confirm signal specificity.
• For Western blot, a band around 54 kDa is expected; verify in lysates from tissues with known FOXO4 expression such as liver or kidney.
• In immunofluorescence/ICC, monitor nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling under different stimuli; stimulation with insulin or growth factors may alter localization.
• When using ELISA, coat with the phospho-peptide and compare with non-phosphorylated peptide to assess antibody’s phospho-selectivity.
• Cross-reactivity with endogenous FOXO4 from mouse and rat is reported; validate in the relevant species and tissue context.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers, labs, and research institutes with one-stop access to IVD raw materials, technical services, and consulting—covering every stage from concept to clinic. For transcription factor research and phospho-signaling pathways, CamelBio supplies validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies, and bulk ancillary reagents. We also support rare target raw-material sourcing to accelerate your assay development.