Phospho-ATR-S428 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody for WB and ELISA - Q13535

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR Function and Localization

• ATR is a serine/threonine protein kinase of the PIKK family that acts as a DNA damage sensor, recognizing [ST]-Q consensus sequences and phosphorylating downstream targets upon genotoxic stress (PubMed:10597277, PubMed:10608806, PubMed:10859164). Related references: PMID:10597277, PMID:10608806, PMID:10859164
• Key substrates include CHEK1, BRCA1, p53/TP53, RPA2, and RAD17, whose phosphorylation inhibits DNA replication and mitosis, and promotes repair, recombination, and apoptosis (PubMed:11114888, PubMed:11418864, PubMed:11865061). Related references: PMID:11114888, PMID:11418864, PMID:11865061
• Directly phosphorylates histone H2AX at Ser-139 at damage sites and is required for FANCD2 ubiquitination (PubMed:11673449, PubMed:15314022). Related references: PMID:11673449, PMID:15314022
• Critical for maintaining fragile site stability and proper centrosome duplication (PubMed:12526805). Related references: PMID:12526805
• Regulates S-G2 transition by restricting CDK1 activity during S-phase (PubMed:30139873). Related references: PMID:30139873
• Acts at the nuclear envelope: senses mechanical stress, relocalizes there to phosphorylate CHEK1, and promotes nuclear envelope rupture via LMNA phosphorylation; also mediates micronuclei rupture and cGAS-STING innate immune activation (PubMed:25083873, PubMed:37832547, PubMed:37788673). Related references: PMID:25083873, PMID:37832547, PMID:37788673
• Positively regulates the restart of stalled replication forks following activation by the KHDC3L-OOEP scaffold complex.
• Predominantly nuclear, associating with chromosomes and the nuclear envelope; ubiquitously expressed with strongest presence in testis; an alternative isoform (isoform 2) is found only in pancreas, placenta, and liver.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The antibody was raised against a synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to residues around Ser-428 of human ATR; specificity should be confirmed using phosphorylated versus non-phosphorylated peptide competition or phosphatase-treated lysates.
• For Western blotting, note the large size of ATR (~301 kDa); use gradient gels, extended transfer times, and high-molecular-weight markers for optimal detection.
• Validated applications are WB and ELISA; end-users should titrate the antibody to determine optimal working concentrations for their specific assay conditions.
• Because ATR is a low-abundance kinase, enrichment or immunoprecipitation prior to WB may improve signal in some sample types.
• Store the antibody according to the shipping condition (ice bag) and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

At CamelBio, we supply diagnostic manufacturers and research laboratories with high-quality IVD raw materials. This Phospho-ATR-S428 antibody supports DNA damage response and checkpoint signaling research, and is part of our extensive portfolio of phosphorylated antibodies and recombinant proteins. Whether you need validated antibody pairs, custom monoclonal development, or bulk ancillary reagents, CamelBio is your one-stop sourcing partner from concept to clinic.