Phospho-Akt-S473 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IHC-P, ELISA - P31749 / P31751 / Q9Y243

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Akt (Protein Kinase B) Function and Localization

• AKT1 (RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase) is one of three closely related Akt isoforms (AKT1, AKT2, AKT3) that function as key regulators of metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth, and angiogenesis (PubMed:11882383, PubMed:15526160, PubMed:15861136). Related references: PMID:11882383, PMID:15526160, PMID:15861136
• Akt phosphorylates a wide range of downstream substrates (over 100 reported), including GSK3, TSC2, FOXO transcription factors, and BAD, to orchestrate cellular responses (PubMed:11882383, PubMed:15526160, PubMed:21432781). Related references: PMID:11882383, PMID:15526160, PMID:21432781
• The kinase is activated downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in response to growth factors such as insulin, IGF1, and EGF, and plays a central role in insulin signaling and glucose metabolism (PubMed:12176338, PubMed:12964941). Related references: PMID:12176338, PMID:12964941
• Phosphorylation at Ser473 (equivalent to Ser472 in AKT2) within the hydrophobic motif is a critical event for full Akt activation, often mediated by mTORC2.
• Subcellular localization is dynamic: Akt shuttles between the cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane, and mitochondria, reflecting its diverse functions in signal transduction.
• Key post-translational modifications include activating phosphorylation at Thr308 and Ser473, as well as acetylation and ubiquitination; aberrant activation is associated with various cancers (keywords: Acetylation, Phosphoprotein, Proto-oncogene).
• AKT1 is widely expressed across human tissues, with elevated levels and phosphorylation observed in prostate and breast cancers, underscoring its relevance in oncology research.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen is a synthetic phosphorylated peptide corresponding to residues around Ser473 of human AKT1/AKT2/AKT3. For Western blot, expect bands around 48–55 kDa depending on the isoform; validate in the relevant sample system.
• For immunohistochemistry (paraffin), consider antigen retrieval and phospho-specific signal preservation; include phosphatase inhibitor-treated controls to confirm specificity.
• ELISA and other applications may require optimization of antibody dilution and detection conditions based on the experimental model.
• Cross-reactivity is listed for human, mouse, and rat; further species reactivity should be empirically determined.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio streamlines IVD raw-material procurement by providing one-stop access to validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies, and bulk ancillary reagents. For Akt pathway research and diagnostic development, we support sourcing needs from rare phospho-specific antibodies to entire assay components, enabling a seamless transition from concept to clinic.