PE Rabbit anti-Human TNF-α Monoclonal Antibody for FC (intra) - P01375

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Tumor necrosis factor Function and Localization

• Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), encoded by the TNF gene on human chromosome 6, is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine and member of the TNF ligand superfamily (TNFSF2).
• It is produced as a type II transmembrane protein and released as a soluble homotrimer after cleavage, primarily by activated macrophages.
• TNF-α binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR, triggering signaling pathways that can lead to apoptosis, necroptosis, or pro-inflammatory gene activation.
• It is a potent pyrogen and inducer of cachexia, and under certain conditions, it can stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation.
• TNF-α promotes osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, contributing to bone loss in inflammatory diseases.
• TNF-α promotes angiogenesis by synergistically inducing VEGF production with IL1B and IL6. Related references: PMID:12794819
• In rheumatoid arthritis, TNF-α impairs regulatory T-cell function via FOXP3 dephosphorylation through PP1 up-regulation. Related references: PMID:23396208
• It acts as a key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils combined with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in bladder cancer cells. Related references: PMID:16829952, PMID:22517918, PMID:23396208
• The intracellular domain form (ICD) of TNF-α can induce IL-12 production in dendritic cells.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the soluble extracellular domain (aa 77-233) of human TNF-α, suggesting recognition of both the membrane-bound precursor and the secreted mature form.
• For intracellular flow cytometry, optimize cell fixation and permeabilization protocols to ensure accurate detection of cytoplasmic TNF-α, as the protein is primarily secreted.
• Include appropriate isotype controls and unstimulated controls to distinguish specific staining from background, especially in activated immune cells.
• Validate the antibody's performance in your specific cell type and activation conditions, as TNF-α expression levels can vary.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio is your trusted partner for IVD raw material sourcing, offering this PE-labeled anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody to support immunology and inflammatory disease research. We supply validated antibody pairs, bulk reagents, and customized solutions to accelerate your diagnostic and therapeutic development. Contact us for one-stop access to high-quality reagents and technical consulting tailored to your project needs.