PE Rabbit anti-Human CD152/CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody for Intracellular Flow Cytometry - P16410

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: CD152/CTLA-4 Function and Localization

• CTLA-4 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, encoded by the CTLA4 gene (Gene ID 1493). It is an inhibitory receptor that serves as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses, competing with the stimulatory coreceptor CD28 for binding to B7 ligands CD80 and CD86.

Related references: PMID:11279501, PMID:11279502, PMID:16551244

• CTLA-4 acts as a decoy receptor, binding CD80 and CD86 with higher affinity than CD28, thereby attenuating T-cell activation.
• Multiple isoforms exist due to alternative splicing, resulting in protein weights of approximately 6, 8, 19, and 24 kDa.
• Subcellular localization: primarily located on the cell membrane, with expression upregulated on the surface of activated T-cells.
• Widely expressed with highest levels in lymphoid tissues; in activated T-cells, surface expression is 30- to 50-fold lower than CD28.
• Post-translational modifications include glycosylation and phosphorylation; the protein contains a disulfide bond and a transmembrane helix.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• For intracellular flow cytometry, consider permeabilizing cells to allow antibody access to intracellular CTLA-4 pools.
• Include appropriate isotype controls and Fc receptor blocking steps to minimize non-specific binding.
• Validate the antibody in relevant sample systems, such as human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or activated T-cell lines.
• Confirm expression of the target protein in your experimental setup, as CTLA-4 levels are tightly regulated and may require T-cell stimulation.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio serves as a comprehensive IVD raw-material sourcing partner, offering this anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody for T-cell immunology and immune checkpoint research. We provide validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and rare target raw-material sourcing to support diagnostic manufacturers from concept to clinic.