Pan-Akt Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IP, IF/ICC, IHC-P, ELISA - P31749/P31751/Q9Y243

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Pan-Akt (AKT1/AKT2/AKT3) Function and Localization

• AKT1 is a serine/threonine-protein kinase belonging to the AKT kinase family (including AKT1, AKT2, AKT3) that regulates metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth, and angiogenesis. Related references: PMID:11882383, PMID:15526160, PMID:15861136
• It mediates insulin-induced glucose uptake via SLC2A4/GLUT4 translocation and regulates glycogen synthesis by inhibiting GSK3A and GSK3B.
• AKT1 promotes cell survival through phosphorylation of MAP3K5/ASK1 at 'Ser-83', inhibiting oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Related references: PMID:11154276
• It activates mTORC1 signaling by phosphorylating TSC2, leading to protein synthesis and cell growth. Related references: PMID:12150915, PMID:12172553
• AKT1 phosphorylates FOXO transcription factors (FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4), resulting in cytoplasmic retention and inhibition of their pro-apoptotic functions. Related references: PMID:10358075
• It positively regulates NF-kappa-B-dependent transcription and CREB1 activity, enhancing pro-survival gene expression (e.g., BCL2, MCL1). Related references: PMID:9829964
• Subcellularly, AKT1 localizes to the cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane, and mitochondrial intermembrane space, reflecting its diverse signaling roles.
• Key post-translational modifications include phosphorylation (activation), acetylation, glycoprotein, and ubiquitination, as highlighted by UniProt keywords.
• AKT1 is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues, with elevated levels in prostate and breast cancers, particularly phosphorylated Tyr-176 form during breast cancer progression.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen spans a conserved region (aa 311-480) of human AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3, predicting broad pan-Akt reactivity across the AKT family.
• For western blotting, consider multiple bands corresponding to AKT isoforms: ~48 kDa (AKT1), ~55 kDa (AKT2), and ~51/54 kDa (AKT3). Validate band specificity using isoform-specific controls or siRNA knockdown.
• For immunofluorescence/immunohistochemistry, methanol or formaldehyde fixation is typically suitable; however, permeabilization may be required for intracellular targets.
• As a polyclonal antibody, anticipate lot-to-lot variability in titer and affinity; it is advisable to titrate the antibody for each new batch and application.
• In immunoprecipitation, use protein A/G beads for optimal capture of rabbit IgG.
• ELISA applications may require an optimized coating buffer and detection system; test multiple concentrations to maximize signal-to-noise ratio.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio empowers diagnostic manufacturers, laboratories, and research institutes with one-stop access to IVD raw materials, including high-quality antibodies for key signaling targets like AKT. Whether you need validated antibody pairs for sandwich ELISA, optimized polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies, or bulk ancillary reagents, CamelBio streamlines your sourcing pipeline from concept to clinic. Partner with us to accelerate your AKT pathway studies and assay development.