NME4 Rabbit pAb - O00746

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: NME4 Function and Localization

• NME4, also known as NDPK-D, NM23H4, or nm23-H4, is a mitochondria-specific nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDK) that catalyzes the transfer of a gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to a nucleoside diphosphate via a phosphohistidine intermediate, playing a crucial role in maintaining nucleoside triphosphate homeostasis. Related references: PMID:10799505, PMID:16313181, PMID:18635542
• In vitro, NME4 prefers purine nucleoside triphosphates over pyrimidines, with ribonucleosides being more effective substrates than deoxyribonucleosides (By similarity).
• NME4 localizes to the mitochondrial intermembrane space, matrix, and outer membrane, where it associates with cardiolipin-rich inner membrane and produces ADP in the intermembrane space; this ADP is directly taken up by the ADP/ATP translocase (ANT) into the matrix to stimulate respiratory ATP regeneration. Related references: PMID:18635542, PMID:24970086
• It also provides GTP for mitochondrial GTPases, such as the dynamin-related GTPase OPA1, supporting mitochondrial dynamics. Related references: PMID:24970086
• Besides its kinase activity, NME4 possesses a nucleoside diphosphate kinase-independent function: it catalyzes the transfer of cardiolipin from the mitochondrial inner membrane to the outer membrane through the formation of contact sites, a process possibly regulated by anionic phospholipid availability. Related references: PMID:17028143, PMID:23150663
• NME4 is widely distributed across tissues, with notably high expression in prostate, heart, liver, small intestine, and skeletal muscle, and low expression in brain and blood leukocytes.
• Keywords associated with NME4 include alternative splicing, ATP-binding, lipid-binding, metal-binding, and proteomics identification, reflecting its multifaceted roles.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen used is a recombinant fusion protein spanning amino acids 1-187 of human NME4 (NP_005000.1), which corresponds to the full-length mature protein; this broad coverage may facilitate detection of multiple isoforms.
• This antibody is validated for Western blot (WB) and ELISA applications; for WB, consider testing mitochondrial or whole-cell lysates from human, mouse, or rat tissues to assess specificity and signal strength.
• Given the predicted protein weight of 21 kDa, standard SDS-PAGE conditions should resolve the band; however, post-translational modifications or alternative splicing might result in additional bands.
• Optimal working dilutions and experimental conditions (e.g., blocking, incubation times) should be determined empirically for each assay system.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers and research laboratories with comprehensive access to IVD raw materials and technical services. This NME4 antibody supports investigations into mitochondrial function, nucleoside metabolism, and related pathologies. Beyond individual antibodies, we offer validated antibody pairs, optimized polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and specialized sourcing for rare-target raw materials to streamline your development workflow.