NFKB1 Rabbit pAb for WB, IF/ICC, ELISA - P19838

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: NFKB1 Function and Localization

• NFKB1 encodes the p105 precursor protein and its proteolytically processed p50 subunit (Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p50). While p105 functions as an IκB-like inhibitor retaining NF-κB dimers in the cytoplasm, generation of p50 enables DNA binding and transcriptional regulation. Related references: PMID:1423592
• The active p50 subunit associates with RELA/p65 to form the p65-p50 heterodimer, a potent transcriptional activator that binds the κB consensus sequence 5'-GGRNNYYCC-3' in target gene enhancers. Related references: PMID:1740106, PMID:7830764
• NF-κB complexes are typically sequestered in the cytoplasm by IκB inhibitors. Canonical activation involves IκB kinase (IKK)-mediated phosphorylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation of IκB, releasing NF-κB to translocate into the nucleus.
• NF-κB is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in nearly all cell types and acts as a central mediator of immune and inflammatory responses, as well as cell survival, proliferation, and apoptosis.
• The p50-p50 homodimer functions as a transcriptional repressor unless associated with BCL3, which converts it into an activator. Thus, dimer composition determines target gene expression.
• NFKB1 localizes predominantly in the cytoplasm in resting cells but shuttles to the nucleus upon activation, consistent with its role as a signal-responsive factor.
• Extensive post-translational modifications—including phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination—fine-tune NFKB1 stability, DNA-binding activity, and transcriptional output.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen (amino acids 41–365) lies within the N-terminal Rel homology domain conserved between p105 and p50. In western blotting, both the full-length p105 (~105 kDa) and processed p50 (~50 kDa) bands may appear; confirm band identity using appropriate cell extracts and treatments.
• For immunofluorescence/ICC, NFKB1 is predominantly cytoplasmic under basal conditions; stimulation with TNF-α or IL-1β can induce rapid nuclear translocation. Include untreated controls to visualize subcellular redistribution.
• When performing ELISA, consider using recombinant NFKB1 (p50) protein and paired detection antibodies to validate specificity and sensitivity. Optimize coating and blocking conditions for your assay format.
• As a polyclonal antibody, lot-to-lot consistency should be verified with a standard positive control lysate or recombinant protein.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio offers comprehensive sourcing solutions for IVD raw materials, supporting manufacturers and researchers from concept to clinic. This NFKB1 Rabbit pAb serves the NF-κB signaling and immuno-oncology research areas—we can provide validated antibody pairs, bulk polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, and ancillary reagents to streamline your diagnostic development. For rare or customized target sourcing, our team is ready to bridge your supply needs.