[KO Validated] TRIM21/SS-A Rabbit mAb for WB, ELISA - P19474

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: TRIM21/SS-A Function and Localization

• TRIM21, also known as SS-A/Ro52, is a 52-kDa ribonucleoprotein autoantigen that exists as a ribonucleoprotein particle composed of a single polypeptide and small RNA molecules; at least two isoforms are present in various tissues, with tissue-specific differences identified. Related references: PMID:1985094 PMID:8666824

• TRIM21 functions as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, dependent on E2 enzymes UBE2D1, UBE2D2, UBE2E1, and UBE2E2, and catalyzes both self-ubiquitination and ubiquitination of substrates such as USP4 and IKBKB. Related references: PMID:16297862 PMID:16316627 PMID:16472766 PMID:16880511 PMID:19675099

• Component of the SCF(SKP2)-like ubiquitin ligase complex, TRIM21 mediates ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of CDKN1B, thereby playing a role in cell cycle regulation. Related references: PMID:16880511

• TRIM21 negatively regulates innate immune signaling by mediating polyubiquitin-dependent degradation of IRF3 and monoubiquitination of IKBKB, which suppresses IFN-beta production and NF-kappa-B activation, respectively. Related references: PMID:18641315 PMID:19675099

• In antiviral responses, TRIM21 promotes cell pyroptosis via 'Lys-6'-linked ubiquitination of ISG12a, facilitates MAVS ubiquitination leading to TBK1 recruitment, and enhances cytokine gene transcription through IRF8 ubiquitination. Related references: PMID:36426955 PMID:29743353

• TRIM21 organizes autophagic machinery by assembling ULK1, BECN1, and ATG8 family members, and regulates autophagy via FIP200 ubiquitination; it also mediates stress granule disassembly through 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of G3BP1 upon heat shock. Related references: PMID:26347139 PMID:36359729 PMID:36692217

• Subcellularly, TRIM21 localizes to the cytoplasm, cytoplasmic vesicles, autophagosomes, nucleus, P-bodies, and stress granules.

• Isoform 1 and isoform 2 of TRIM21 are expressed in fetal and adult heart and fetal lung.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• For Western blotting, start with a standard dilution range (e.g., 1:500-1:2000) on human cell lysates expressing TRIM21; knockout validation ensures specificity, but optimal conditions should be determined empirically.
• In ELISA, use the antibody as a capture or detection reagent; note that the immunogen is a synthetic peptide from the 251-350 region, so confirm that the epitope is accessible in your assay format.
• The antibody is reported to cross-react with human TRIM21; cross-reactivity with other species or isoforms should be verified in your experimental system.
• Given the involvement of TRIM21 in autophagy and stress responses, consider using appropriate controls and stimuli (e.g., IFN-gamma, heat shock) to assess expression changes.

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