[KO Validated] HK1 Rabbit pAb for WB, IHC-P, IF/ICC, IP, ELISA - P19367

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Hexokinase-1 (HK1) Function and Localization

• HK1 (Hexokinase-1) is a ~102 kDa enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexoses, primarily D-glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, the first and rate-limiting step of glycolysis (PubMed:1637300, PubMed:25316723, PubMed:27374331). Related references: PMID:1637300 PMID:25316723 PMID:27374331
• The enzyme also phosphorylates other hexoses such as D-glucosamine, D-fructose, D-mannose, and 2-deoxy-D-glucose, but not N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (PubMed:27374331). Related references: PMID:27374331
• Beyond glycolysis, HK1 functions as a pattern recognition receptor for bacterial peptidoglycan, linking glucose metabolism to innate immune activation. When bacterial N-acetyl-D-glucosamine is released in the cytosol, it inhibits HK1 and promotes its dissociation from the mitochondrial outer membrane, triggering NLRP3 inflammasome activation (PubMed:27374331). Related references: PMID:27374331
• HK1 localizes predominantly to the mitochondrial outer membrane but is also found in the cytosol, where its metabolic and immune functions are compartmentalized.
• Multiple tissue-specific isoforms exist: isoform 2 is erythrocyte-specific, while isoforms 3 and 4 are testis-specific (PubMed:10978502). Related references: PMID:10978502
• Post-translational modifications include acetylation and phosphorylation, which may regulate enzymatic activity and subcellular localization.
• Genetic variants in HK1 are associated with diseases such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, hereditary hemolytic anemia, intellectual disability, neurodegeneration, neuropathy, and retinitis pigmentosa.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• For Western blot, expect a band at ~102 kDa. Consider using reducing conditions and sufficient transfer time due to the large protein size.
• The immunogen corresponds to the N-terminal region (aa 21–219), which is conserved across human, mouse, and rat, supporting broad species cross-reactivity.
• For immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) and immunofluorescence (IF/ICC), note that HK1 is predominantly mitochondrial; mitochondrial staining patterns should be expected. Antigen retrieval and permeabilization may be required.
• For immunoprecipitation (IP), validate antibody binding under native conditions and include appropriate isotype controls.
• The antibody has been knockout validated; nevertheless, always include positive and negative controls in your experimental system to confirm specificity.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio supports diagnostic manufacturers and research laboratories by providing a comprehensive range of IVD raw materials. For HK1-related projects in glycolysis, mitochondrial biology, or innate immunity, we offer validated antibody pairs, optimized polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, bulk reagent supply, and assistance with sourcing rare targets. Partner with CamelBio to streamline your procurement from discovery to clinical application.