Human Thioredoxin Reductase 1/TRXR1 Rabbit pAb for WB, IHC-P, IF/ICC, ELISA - Q16881

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Thioredoxin Reductase 1 Function and Localization

• TXNRD1 encodes cytoplasmic thioredoxin reductase 1, a homodimeric selenoflavoprotein that reduces oxidized thioredoxin (Trx) to its dithiol form, essential for cellular redox regulation. It also possesses peroxidase activity toward H₂O₂.
  Related references:
  PMID:8577704
  PMID:10849437
• The enzyme contains a C‑terminal selenocysteine (Sec) residue critical for catalysis, along with FAD and NADPH binding domains.
• Subcellularly, TXNRD1 predominantly localizes to the cytoplasm but can translocate to the nucleus.
• Expression is ubiquitous, with highest levels in kidney, testis, uterus, ovary, prostate, placenta, and fetal liver; at the protein level, it is abundant in Leydig cells.
• Beyond its reductase function, TXNRD1 induces actin and tubulin polymerization, promoting cell membrane protrusion formation.
• TXNRD1 acts as a transcriptional coactivator for estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) and mediates cell death triggered by interferon‑beta and retinoic acid.
  Related references:
  PMID:15199063
  PMID:9774665
• Post‑translational modifications include acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination, which may modulate stability and activity.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the C‑terminal region (aa 410‑490); the antibody may detect full‑length TXNRD1 (~71 kDa) and potentially C‑terminal isoforms or fragments in WB.
• For immunohistochemistry (IHC‑P) and immunocytochemistry (IF/ICC), consider antigen retrieval and validate subcellular localization (cytoplasmic/nuclear) in your specific sample system.
• Cross‑reactivity with mouse and rat TXNRD1 is expected, but confirm sequence identity in the immunogen region before application.
• Due to the selenocysteine residue, redox conditions may affect epitope accessibility; include appropriate reducing/alkylating steps if needed.
• Pair this antibody with a matched TXNRD1 antigen or recombinant protein for ELISA sandwich development to ensure specificity.

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