ESRα Rabbit mAb for WB - P03372

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Estrogen Receptor Function and Localization

• Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), also known as ER-alpha, estradiol receptor, and nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group A member 1 (NR3A1), is encoded by the ESR1 gene and belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily.
• Alternative splicing generates multiple isoforms, some lacking functional domains, which can modulate the transcriptional activity of the full-length receptor through competitive ligand or DNA binding and heterodimerization. Related references: PMID:10970861
• Upon binding 17β-estradiol, ERα undergoes a conformational change that promotes homodimerization and direct binding to estrogen response elements (ERE) in target gene promoters, or it associates with other transcription factors (e.g., AP-1, Sp1, NF-κB) to regulate ERE-independent transcription.
• ERα also mediates rapid membrane-initiated estrogen signaling, activating various kinase cascades, and is essential for MTA1-mediated transcriptional regulation of BRCA1 and BCAS3. Related references: PMID:17922032
• Involved in the activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production, contributing to vascular homeostasis. Related references: PMID:21937726
• Predominantly localizes to the nucleus, but also found in the cytoplasm, cell membrane, and Golgi apparatus; its subcellular distribution is dynamically regulated by ligand binding and post-translational modifications.
• Post-translational modifications include phosphorylation, palmitoylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and glycosylation, which influence receptor stability, localization, and transcriptional activity.
• Widely expressed in many tissues, but notably absent in the pituitary gland. Related references: PMID:10970861

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to residues 495–595 in the C-terminal region of human ESRα. This region may be present in multiple isoforms, but consider verifying isoform specificity using cell lines expressing distinct splice variants.
• For Western blot (WB), the predicted molecular weight is 66 kDa; use pre-stained markers for size confirmation and optimize blocking conditions to reduce nonspecific binding.
• When performing immunoprecipitation (IP), prepare fresh lysates with appropriate protease and phosphatase inhibitors to maintain ERα stability.
• For chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), carefully optimize crosslinking and sonication parameters, as ERα chromatin interactions can be transient and dependent on ligand stimulation.
• In flow cytometry (intracellular staining), include an isotype control and validate permeabilization protocols suitable for nuclear antigens.
• For ELISA, titrate the antibody as a capture or detection reagent against recombinant ERα protein to establish optimal working concentrations.
• All applications have been validated with human samples; reactivity with other species should be experimentally confirmed.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio supplies comprehensive IVD raw materials, including validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and custom sourcing for rare targets. For estrogen receptor research and associated diagnostic development, we bridge the gap from concept to clinic with reliable, high-performance reagents backed by technical and regulatory support.