APC Rabbit anti-Mouse CD86 Monoclonal Antibody for Flow Cytometry - P42082

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: CD86 Function and Localization

• CD86, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, functions as a costimulatory molecule critical for T-lymphocyte activation, providing the primary auxiliary signal that augments MHC/TCR signaling in naive T-cells via binding to the CD28 receptor (By similarity).
• It also acts as an inhibitor of T-cell activation by serving as a ligand for CTLA4, a decoy receptor that blocks CD28-mediated T-cell priming. Related references: PMID:7504059, PMID:7513726
• CD86 plays a role in regulating B cell function and IgG1 production; upon CD40 engagement, it activates the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway through phospholipase C and protein kinase C. Related references: PMID:23241883
• The protein is expressed on the surfaces of antigen-presenting cells, consistent with its role in immune synapse formation.
• It contains an immunoglobulin domain, a transmembrane region, and undergoes post-translational modifications including glycosylation and ubiquitination.
• Alternative splicing generates multiple isoforms of CD86.
• Subcellularly, CD86 localizes to the cell membrane.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the extracellular domain (amino acids 24-245), which is suitable for detecting surface CD86 on live, unfixed cells by flow cytometry.
• Since the antibody targets an extracellular epitope, it may be compatible with applications requiring native conformation, such as functional studies or cell-based ELISA; however, validation in the specific assay system is recommended.
• For flow cytometry, use appropriate isotype controls and consider Fc receptor blocking to minimize non-specific binding.
• Because CD86 is expressed on antigen-presenting cells, ensure sample preparation enriches for relevant cell types (e.g., dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells).

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