APC Anti-Human CD163 Monoclonal Antibody for Flow Cytometry - Q86VB7

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: CD163 Function and Localization

• CD163, also known as scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 or hemoglobin scavenger receptor, is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily. It is encoded by the CD163 gene (Gene ID: 9332) and exists in multiple isoforms generated by alternative splicing. Isoform 1 is the lowest abundant in blood, while isoform 3 is the predominant isoform detected in the blood.
• The receptor plays a critical role in macrophage-mediated clearance of hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes, protecting tissues from free hemoglobin-induced oxidative damage. It binds these complexes in a calcium- and pH-dependent manner, with higher affinity for complexes containing multimeric haptoglobin (HP1F phenotype) compared to dimeric haptoglobin (HP1S phenotype).
• Upon ligand binding, CD163 triggers intracellular signaling involving tyrosine kinase-dependent calcium mobilization and inositol triphosphate production, leading to the secretion of IL-6 and CSF-1. Isoform 3 exhibits the highest capacity for ligand endocytosis and surface expression.
• Following proteolytic shedding, the soluble form (sCD163) acts as an anti-inflammatory mediator and serves as a diagnostic marker for macrophage activation in various inflammatory conditions.
• Subcellular localization includes the cell membrane as a single-pass type I transmembrane protein and also secretion as a soluble ectodomain after cleavage.
• CD163 is specifically expressed in monocytes and mature tissue macrophages, including Kupffer cells in the liver, red pulp macrophages in the spleen, cortical macrophages in the thymus, resident bone marrow macrophages, and meningeal macrophages of the central nervous system.
• The protein is glycosylated and contains multiple SRCR domains, a transmembrane helix, and a cytoplasmic tail. It is classified as an acute phase protein and is implicated in the regulation of inflammatory responses.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• This APC-conjugated antibody is designed for flow cytometric detection of human CD163. Since CD163 is abundantly expressed on monocytes and macrophages, consider gating strategies that include these cell populations.
• For optimal staining, perform antibody titration to determine the appropriate concentration. APC is a bright fluorochrome; ensure proper compensation setup, especially when co-staining with other fluorophores.
• Because CD163 is shed from the cell surface, consider using an anti-CD163 antibody that recognizes the extracellular domain for reliable surface staining. The immunogen used for this antibody is a recombinant protein, so it likely binds the extracellular portion.
• Include appropriate isotype controls and viability dyes in your flow cytometry panel to exclude dead cells or non-specific binding. Validate the antibody in your specific experimental system, as expression levels can vary with cell activation or disease state.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio offers diagnostic manufacturers and research laboratories a comprehensive one-stop sourcing solution for IVD raw materials. Beyond this APC anti-human CD163 monoclonal antibody, we supply a broad range of validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and can assist with sourcing rare-target biomaterials. Our technical services support everything from early assay development to clinical application, ensuring a streamlined path from concept to clinic in immunodiagnostic and macrophage biology research.