Anti-VCAM-1/CD106 Monoclonal Antibody for FC - P29533

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: VCAM-1/CD106 Function and Localization

• VCAM-1 (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1), also known as CD106, is a cell adhesion glycoprotein encoded by the Vcam1 gene. It is predominantly expressed on the surface of endothelial cells and plays a critical role in immune surveillance and inflammation.
• As a major regulator of leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium, VCAM-1 mediates the firm adhesion of lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils to vascular endothelium via interaction with integrins (e.g., VLA-4/α4β1).
• During inflammatory responses, VCAM-1 binding to leukocyte integrins triggers intracellular signaling cascades, including the activation of calcium channels and the small GTPase RAC1, promoting transendothelial migration of immune cells.
• VCAM-1 also serves as a quality-control checkpoint for entry into the bone marrow by providing a "don't-eat-me" signal in the context of MHC class-I presentation, preventing phagocytosis of viable hematopoietic cells.
• The protein exists in multiple isoforms due to alternative splicing; the canonical form is a transmembrane protein of approximately 81 kDa, although a soluble 38 kDa form can be generated by shedding or alternative splicing.
• Subcellularly, VCAM-1 is localized to the cell membrane and can be released as a secreted form; it is highly expressed on inflamed vascular endothelium as well as on macrophage-like and dendritic cell types in both normal and inflamed tissues, and in the bone marrow.
• Post-translational modifications include glycosylation, disulfide bond formation, and ubiquitination; the protein contains immunoglobulin-like domains and a transmembrane helix, classifying it as a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily.
• Under physiological conditions, VCAM-1 expression is induced by cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1, and its upregulation is a hallmark of inflammatory diseases, making it a valuable target for diagnostic and therapeutic research.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the N-terminal extracellular region (amino acids 25-310), which includes the first immunoglobulin-like domain involved in integrin binding; this design favors recognition of the native extracellular epitope on live cells, suitable for flow cytometry without permeabilization.
• is a bright red fluorescent dye; when designing multicolor panels, avoid spectral overlap with PE, Texas Red, and similar fluorophores. Consider using appropriate compensation controls.
• For flow cytometry, titrate the antibody to determine optimal concentration for specific staining on mouse cell lines or primary cells expressing VCAM-1, such as TNF-α-treated bEnd.3 endothelial cells or bone marrow-derived macrophages.
• A live/dead viability dye is recommended to exclude dead cells, as damaged cells may exhibit non-specific binding. Include an isotype control or Fc block to minimize background.
• Cross-reactivity is confirmed for mouse; performance on other species is not guaranteed. If using in tissues, validate with appropriate positive and negative controls.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio empowers diagnostic manufacturers and research laboratories by providing a full spectrum of IVD raw material sourcing and technical support. For VCAM-1-related immunoassay development, we offer validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal antibodies like this anti-VCAM-1 clone, and bulk ancillary reagents to streamline your workflow. From concept to clinic, rely on CamelBio as your dedicated partner for high-quality, consistent raw materials.