Anti-TLR4 Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, IP, ELISA - O00206

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: TLR4 Function and Localization

• TLR4 is a transmembrane pattern recognition receptor that recognizes pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs) to trigger innate immune responses. Related references: PMID:10835634 PMID:15809303 PMID:16622205
• At the plasma membrane, it cooperates with LY96 to mediate the response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and also engages in LPS-independent inflammatory responses to free fatty acids and nickel ions. Related references: PMID:27022195 PMID:20711192
• Signaling can occur through a MYD88-dependent pathway involving TIRAP and TRAF6 leading to NF-kB activation and cytokine secretion, or via CD14-mediated internalization that triggers a TICAM1-TBK1-IRF3 axis for type I interferon production. Related references: PMID:10835634 PMID:21393102 PMID:27022195 PMID:14517278
• In complex with TLR6, TLR4 promotes monocyte/macrophage inflammation upon binding ligands such as oxidized LDL or amyloid-beta 42, leading to chemokine production via both MYD88 and TICAM1 pathways. Related references: PMID:23880187
• TLR4 localizes to the cell membrane, early endosomes, and cell projections such as ruffles, which facilitates its diverse signaling roles.
• Tissue expression is high in placenta, spleen, and peripheral blood leukocytes; it is also detected in monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and certain T-cells, with aberrant expression in pancreatic cancer cells. Related references: PMID:9237759 PMID:9435236 PMID:27022195 PMID:36232715
• Additionally, TLR4 initiates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and participates in a positive feedback loop between autophagy and NF-kB signaling, and is required for ZG16B/PAUF-mediated migration of pancreatic cancer cells. Related references: PMID:32894580

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the N-terminal extracellular domain (aa 27–228) of human TLR4, which is likely to generate antibodies recognizing both the full-length receptor and potential soluble fragments; confirm target identity with appropriate controls.
• In Western blot, a major band near 96 kDa is expected, but variable glycosylation may produce additional bands; validate specificity using knockdown or knockout samples.
• For immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry, cell membrane and endosomal staining patterns are anticipated; include permeabilization steps to detect intracellular pools.
• The antibody's reported cross-reactivity with mouse TLR4 requires careful validation in the relevant mouse model system, as sequence homology may influence binding affinity.
• This polyclonal antibody can be used for immunoprecipitation and ELISA; consider optimizing conditions for each application due to the multiligand nature of TLR4.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio is a dedicated IVD raw-material supplier offering a comprehensive range of validated antibodies, bulk reagents, and tailored sourcing services to support diagnostic development and research. This TLR4 antibody supports studies in innate immunity and inflammation, and we can further assist with matched antibody pairs, ancillary reagents, and rare-target procurement. Contact our team for reliable, one-stop sourcing solutions from concept to clinic.