Anti-TIGIT Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, ELISA - Q495A1

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: TIGIT Function and Localization

• TIGIT (T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains) is an inhibitory receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, also known as VSIG9, VSTM3, or WUCAM. It contains an extracellular V-set Ig-like domain, a transmembrane helix, and a cytoplasmic ITIM motif.
• Functions as a key negative regulator of T-cell and NK cell responses. It inhibits T-cell activation by promoting the generation of mature immunoregulatory dendritic cells. Related references: PMID:19011627
• Upon binding to its ligands PVR/CD155 or NECTIN2/CD112 on antigen-presenting cells, TIGIT becomes phosphorylated by Src kinases FYN or LCK, leading to recruitment of GRB2 and SHIP1/INPP5D and subsequent inhibition of PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways. Related references: PMID:23154388
• In a distinct inhibitory mechanism, TIGIT associates with beta-arrestin-2 to recruit SHIP1, which suppresses TRAF6 autoubiquitination and inhibits the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway. Related references: PMID:24817116
• Also serves as a receptor for NECTIN4, through which it inhibits NK cell cytotoxicity. Related references: PMID:32503945
• Localized to the cell membrane as a single-pass type I membrane protein.
• Expressed at low levels on peripheral memory and regulatory CD4+ T-cells and NK cells, and is upregulated following activation of these cells.
• Post-translational modifications include phosphorylation of the ITIM motif upon ligand engagement; classified under keywords Phosphoprotein, Glycoprotein, Disulfide bond, and Alternative splicing.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen (amino acids 22–141) encompasses the entire extracellular Ig-like domain, which may allow detection of both monomeric and ligand‑bound TIGIT.
• For Western blotting, the predicted protein weight is approximately 26 kDa. Consider using reducing SDS‑PAGE conditions and including appropriate positive controls such as activated T‑cell or NK cell lysates.
• ELISA applications may benefit from coating the recombinant immunogen or full‑length TIGIT protein. Validate specificity using TIGIT‑knockdown or knockout cell lines if available.
• Because the antibody cross‑reacts with mouse TIGIT, it can be considered for use in mouse models for immune checkpoint studies. Titrate and validate in the relevant sample system before quantitative experiments.

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