Anti-STING/TMEM173 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody - Q86WV6

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: STING/TMEM173 Function and Localization

• STING1 acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses, promoting the production of type I interferons (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Related references: PMID:18724357 PMID:18818105 PMID:19433799
• It recognizes and binds cyclic dinucleotides such as bacterial c-di-GMP and host-derived 2',3'-cGAMP produced by cGAS, exhibiting 2',3' phosphodiester linkage-specific ligand recognition. Related references: PMID:21947006 PMID:23258412 PMID:23707065 PMID:23747010 PMID:23910378 PMID:26300263 PMID:26150511
• Upon ligand binding, STING1 oligomerizes, translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum, and is phosphorylated by TBK1 on the pLxIS motif, leading to IRF3 recruitment and activation to induce type I interferons. Related references: PMID:22394562 PMID:25636800 PMID:29973723
• In addition to interferon induction, STING1 promotes autophagy independently of TBK1, forming autophagosomes that target cytosolic DNA or pathogens for lysosomal degradation. Related references: PMID:30568238 PMID:30842662 PMID:41639454 PMID:41639452
• STING1 resides in multiple membrane compartments including the endoplasmic reticulum, ERGIC, Golgi, autophagosomes, mitochondria, and the plasma membrane.
• Ubiquitously expressed, with notable presence in skin endothelial cells, alveolar type 2 pneumocytes, bronchial epithelium, and alveolar macrophages. Related references: PMID:18724357 PMID:18818105 PMID:25029335
• Antiviral activity is antagonized by viral oncoproteins such as HPV E7 and adenovirus E1A, which prevent cytosolic DNA sensing. Related references: PMID:26405230
• STING1 functions as a proton channel that directs proton efflux from the Golgi to facilitate LC3 lipidation during autophagy. Related references: PMID:37535724

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen (aa 139-379) encompasses the cyclic dinucleotide binding domain and the phosphorylation motif, suggesting the antibody may detect both unbound and activated STING forms; verify in the relevant experimental system.
• For Western blot, expect a band near 42 kDa; include appropriate positive controls (e.g., human, mouse, or rat cell lysates known to express STING) and consider using phosphatase inhibitors during lysis to preserve phosphorylation status.
• In immunoprecipitation, the polyclonal nature may enrich STING along with interacting partners; confirm co-purification with relevant controls and, if needed, optimize cross-linking conditions.
• For immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, optimize fixation and permeabilization to detect STING at its predominant ER/Golgi membranes; validate with organelle markers.
• In ELISA applications, titrate the antibody against recombinant STING or cell lysates to establish a working concentration, and include negative controls to assess background.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio serves as a one-stop IVD raw-material partner for innate immunity and cGAS-STING pathway research, providing validated antibody solutions, recombinant proteins, and matched antibody pairs. Alongside this polyclonal antibody, our portfolio includes optimized monoclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and custom sourcing of rare-target raw materials to support diagnostic development from concept to clinic.