Anti-Smad4 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody [KO Validated] for WB, IHC-P, IP, ELISA, ChIP, CUT&Tag - Q13485

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: SMAD4 Function and Localization

• SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4), also known as DPC4, MADH4, and co-SMAD, is a central mediator of TGF-beta and BMP signal transduction pathways.
• Common SMAD (co-SMAD) acts as a coactivator and mediator of TGF-beta signaling. It forms a heterotrimeric complex with SMAD2/SMAD3 in the nucleus, which is required for TGF-beta-mediated transcriptional regulation. Related references: PMID:25514493
• In muscle physiology, SMAD4 balances atrophy and hypertrophy: recruited by MSTN, it promotes atrophy via phosphorylated SMAD2/4; upon MSTN decrease, SMAD4 switches to the BMP pathway to promote hypertrophy via SMAD1/5/8.
• Synergizes with SMAD1 and YY1 in BMP-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression, binding to SMAD binding elements (SBEs) within BMP response elements (BMPRE) of cardiac activating regions.
• Component of the SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex at the AP1 promoter site, required for synergistic TGF-beta transcriptional activity.
• May act as a tumor suppressor; originally identified as deletion target in pancreatic carcinoma 4 (DPC4), implicating it in cancer biology.
• Subcellular localization is predominantly cytoplasmic but translocates to the nucleus upon receptor activation, consistent with its role in signal transduction.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• For Western blot (WB), a band of approximately 60 kDa is expected; consider using reducing conditions and validate with appropriate positive (e.g., HeLa, HEK293) and knockout (KO) control lysates.
• In immunohistochemistry (IHC-P), antigen retrieval and antibody titration are recommended; include isotype controls and verify staining in relevant tissue sections.
• For immunoprecipitation (IP), standard protocols with Protein A/G beads are suitable; confirm co-immunoprecipitation of SMAD interaction partners (e.g., SMAD2/3).
• When performing ChIP or CUT&Tag, the epitope (aa320-552) resides in the C-terminal region; ensure chromatin accessibility and optimize antibody concentration for each assay.
• ELISA-based detection can be developed using this antibody as capture or detection, but empirical checkerboard titrations are necessary to determine optimal working concentrations.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio is your dedicated partner for IVD raw-material procurement, offering this Smad4 monoclonal antibody along with a complete portfolio of validated antibody pairs, optimized detection reagents, and bulk ancillary materials. Whether you are developing assays for TGF-beta/BMP signaling, cancer diagnostics, or muscle research, our team streamlines access to rare targets and provides flexible, scalable supply solutions to support your transition from concept to clinic.