Anti-Smad1/Smad5/Smad9 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, ELISA - Q15797/Q99717/O15198

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Smad1/Smad5/Smad9 Function and Localization

• Transcriptional modulator involved in various cellular processes including embryonic development, cell differentiation, and tissue homeostasis. Related references: PMID:9335504
• Upon BMP ligand binding, becomes phosphorylated by type I BMP receptors, associates with SMAD4, and translocates to the nucleus to function as a transcription factor that recognizes Smad Binding Elements (SBEs). Related references: PMID:33667543
• Part of the SMAD family: Smad1, Smad5, and Smad9 are highly homologous members that predominantly mediate bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways.
• Subcellular localization: Shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus in response to BMP receptor activation.
• Post-translationally regulated by phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitin-like conjugation; contains zinc-binding motif for DNA interaction.
• Tissue specificity: Ubiquitously expressed with highest levels in heart and skeletal muscle.
• Also mediates degradation of the CREBBP/EP300 repressor SNIP1 and positively regulates BMP4-induced expression of MSX1 (By similarity).

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• For Western blot, consider enriching nuclear fractions to enhance detection of phosphorylated Smad1/5/9, as these transcription factors accumulate in the nucleus upon BMP stimulation.
• In immunofluorescence/immunocytochemistry, both cytoplasmic and nuclear staining patterns may be observed depending on activation status; validate fixation and permeabilization conditions for optimal detection.
• For ELISA, the polyclonal nature of this antibody may provide high sensitivity for detecting total Smad1/5/9 protein levels; however, cross-reactivity with other Smad family members should be tested in the specific assay system.
• The immunogen corresponds to a conserved N-terminal MH1 domain region (aa 19-125), suggesting that this antibody likely recognizes the DNA-binding domain; consider using appropriate blocking peptides or knock-out controls to confirm specificity.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio offers diagnostic manufacturers, laboratories, and research institutes a streamlined, single-source solution for IVD raw materials, from concept to clinic. This anti-Smad1/Smad5/Smad9 rabbit polyclonal antibody supports core BMP signaling studies and assay development. Beyond individual antibodies, CamelBio provides validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and custom sourcing for rare targets to accelerate your diagnostic and research workflows.