Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB - P0DTC2

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Function and Localization

• SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein (S), also known as E2 or peplomer protein, is a class I viral fusion protein that mediates viral entry into host cells and is a primary target for neutralizing antibodies.
• The S protein attaches the virion to the host cell by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, initiating infection.
  Related references:
  PMID:32142651
  PMID:32155444
  PMID:33607086
• Alternative entry receptors include neuropilin-1/2 (NRP1/NRP2) and integrin, which contribute to tissue tropism; for instance, NRP1/NRP2 usage explains viral tropism in ACE2-low olfactory epithelial cells.
  Related references:
  PMID:33082294
  PMID:33082293
  PMID:35150743
• The full-length spike precursor (~141 kDa) is proteolytically processed into S1 and S2 subunits. Upon receptor binding, S2′ cleavage by host proteases such as TMPRSS2 or cathepsin L triggers irreversible conformational changes that fuse viral and cellular membranes.
  Related references:
  PMID:32142651
  PMID:32703818
  PMID:34159616
  PMID:34561887
• The S protein localizes to the virion membrane, host endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) membrane, and host cell membrane.
• Key structural features include N‑linked glycosylation, palmitoylation, a transmembrane anchor, and coiled‑coil heptad repeats stabilized by disulfide bonds.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen peptide (amino acids 600–700) spans the S1/S2 junction; therefore, the antibody may detect both full‑length spike (~141 kDa) and the S2 subunit under reducing conditions. Consider testing both reducing and non‑reducing SDS‑PAGE for Western blot.
• For immunofluorescence (IF/ICC), fixation and permeabilization conditions should be optimized for your target cell line or tissue, as spike localization (surface vs. intracellular) depends on expression context.
• In ELISA, this antibody can be evaluated as a capture or detection reagent; pairing with a monoclonal anti‑spike antibody may improve assay specificity.
• For immunoprecipitation (IP), validate the antibody’s ability to pull down native spike complexes in the relevant sample system, as conformational integrity may affect binding.
• Dot blot (DB) can serve as a rapid screening tool; however, sensitivity should be compared with quantitative methods like ELISA for definitive analysis.
• Cross‑reactivity is confirmed for SARS‑CoV‑2; reactivity with spike proteins from other coronaviruses (e.g., SARS‑CoV, MERS‑CoV) is not determined and should be tested if needed.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

As a dedicated IVD raw‑material partner, CamelBio supports diagnostic manufacturers and researchers with a comprehensive portfolio of antibodies, antigens, and ancillary reagents for infectious disease applications, including SARS‑CoV‑2. Our SARS‑CoV‑2 Spike rabbit polyclonal antibody facilitates viral entry, neutralization, and immunoevasion studies. Beyond this product, CamelBio offers validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and rare‑target raw‑material sourcing to accelerate your assay development and manufacturing needs.