Anti-SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, ELISA - P0DTC2

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro Function and Localization

• Spike glycoprotein (S) is a class I viral fusion protein that mediates SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells. It is synthesized as a precursor and proteolytically cleaved into S1 and S2 subunits.
• The S1 subunit contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD) that engages the human ACE2 receptor (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) to facilitate viral attachment to host cells. Related references: PMID:32142651 PMID:32155444 PMID:33607086
• Alternative entry pathways utilize neuropilin-1 (NRP1), NRP2, integrins, or ASGR1, which may contribute to tissue tropism, particularly in olfactory epithelial cells that express low ACE2 levels. Related references: PMID:33082294 PMID:33082293 PMID:35150743 PMID:34837059
• The S2 subunit mediates membrane fusion via a hinge-dependent conformational rearrangement, transitioning from pre-fusion to post-fusion hairpin state, requiring cleavage at the S2' site by host proteases such as TMPRSS2 or cathepsin L. Related references: PMID:32142651 PMID:32703818 PMID:34159616 PMID:34561887
• The stalk domain of S contains three hinges, providing the receptor-binding head with remarkable orientational freedom, which may facilitate immune evasion. Related references: PMID:32817270
• Subcellular localization includes the virion membrane, the host endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) membrane, and the host cell membrane, consistent with its roles in assembly, egress, and entry.
• The protein is heavily glycosylated and contains conserved disulfide bonds, coiled-coil regions, and transmembrane domains; it also exhibits superantigenic properties and contributes to immune evasion.
• Its molecular weight is approximately 141 kDa, and it is a key target for neutralizing antibodies, diagnostic assays, and vaccine development.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• Given that the immunogen is a recombinant 3CLpro fragment (amino acids 1-306), use appropriate positive controls such as lysates from SARS-CoV-2-infected cells or purified recombinant 3CLpro to validate specificity.
• For Western blotting, consider optimizing blocking and antibody dilution conditions; a band at approximately 34 kDa (full-length 3CLpro) is expected, but the supplier reports a 141 kDa band (likely corresponding to the Spike protein). Verify the detected band with appropriate molecular weight markers and control antigens.
• In immunofluorescence/ICC experiments, include permeabilization steps for intracellular protease detection and counterstain with organelle markers to assess subcellular localization.
• For ELISA, the polyclonal nature allows use as both capture and detection antibody in sandwich formats. Pair with monoclonal antibodies against distinct epitopes to improve specificity and signal-to-noise ratio.
• Consider potential cross-reactivity with 3CLpro from other coronaviruses; sequence alignment and competitive inhibition assays may aid in confirming specificity.
• Always validate the antibody in your specific experimental system, as performance can vary with sample type and fixation methods.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio serves as a comprehensive sourcing partner for IVD raw materials, connecting diagnostic manufacturers and research laboratories with validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, and bulk ancillary reagents. Our portfolio includes rare-target products like the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro antibody, tailored for viral research and diagnostic development. Whether you need custom antibody generation, scalable supply, or technical consultation, CamelBio streamlines your path from concept to clinic.