Anti-PLD3 Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, ELISA - Q8IV08

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: PLD3 Function and Localization

• Protein Identity and Isoforms: PLD3 (Phospholipase D3) is a 5'-3' exonuclease and BMP synthase, encoded by the PLD3 gene. It is also known as Hu-K4, AD19, and SCA46, with a molecular weight of ~55 kDa.
• Exonuclease Function in Immune Sensing: Functions as a lysosomal 5'->3' exonuclease that hydrolyzes single-stranded RNA and DNA, preferring 5' uridine and guanosine residues. It processes self and exogenous nucleic acids to generate ligands for toll-like receptors (TLRs) in innate immunity.
  Related references: PMID:30111894, PMID:30312375, PMID:34620855
• Cooperation with RNase T2: Partially redundant with PLD4, PLD3 cooperates with RNASET2 to produce 2',3'-cGMP and cytidine-rich RNA fragments that occupy the two TLR7 ligand-binding pockets, triggering receptor activation and signaling.
  Related references: PMID:34620855, PMID:38697119
• Mitochondrial DNA and Viral RNA Processing: Degrades mitochondrial CpG-rich ssDNA fragments to prevent TLR9 activation and autoinflammatory responses, while cleaving viral RNA to generate ligands for TLR7 activation and initiate antiviral immune responses.
  Related references: PMID:37225734
• BMP Synthase Activity: Catalyzes the transfer of a glycerol group between lysophosphatidylglycerol and monoacylglycerol to produce (S,S)-bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP), a phospholipid essential for lysosomal intralumenal vesicle formation and lipid degradation.
• Subcellular Localization: Localizes to the lysosome lumen, early/late endosome membranes, endoplasmic reticulum membrane, and Golgi apparatus membrane, reflecting its role in the endolysosomal system.
• Tissue Expression and Disease Relevance: Widely expressed, with high levels in the brain (frontal, temporal, occipital cortices, hippocampus) and low in corpus callosum. Present in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and monocytes. Mutations are associated with spinocerebellar ataxia and neurodegeneration, consistent with its keywords including disease variant, immunity, and lipid metabolism.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen is a recombinant protein corresponding to amino acids 279-490 of human PLD3 (NP_001026866). For Western blotting, expect a band around 55 kDa; consider using lysates from human or mouse tissues/cells expressing PLD3, such as brain or immune cells.
• For immunofluorescence/ICC, note that PLD3 predominantly localizes to lysosomes and endosomes; use appropriate permeabilization and co-staining with organelle markers.
• In ELISA applications, optimize coating conditions and antibody concentration based on the specific assay format; consider using recombinant PLD3 protein as a standard.
• As this is a polyclonal antibody, lot-to-lot consistency should be verified; consider titrating the antibody for each new application.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio streamlines IVD raw material procurement, offering a comprehensive portfolio of antibodies and reagents for neurological and immunological research. This PLD3 polyclonal antibody complements our range of validated tools for studying lysosomal function and innate immunity. Whether you need bulk ancillary reagents, rare-target sourcing, or customized assay development support, CamelBio connects you from concept to clinic.