Anti-PKM2 Monoclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, IP, ELISA - P14618

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: PKM2 Function and Localization

• PKM2 catalyzes the final rate-limiting step of glycolysis by transferring a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP. The enzyme's activity is regulated by a dynamic equilibrium between a highly active tetramer and a nearly inactive dimer, determining the fate of glucose carbons towards energy production or biosynthesis. Related references: PMID:15996096 PMID:1854723 PMID:20847263
• The PKM gene generates two major isoforms via alternative splicing: the adult M1 isoform (PKM1) and the embryonic M2 isoform (PKM2). PKM2 possesses low intrinsic pyruvate kinase activity and requires allosteric activation by D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP), whereas PKM1 is constitutively active. Related references: PMID:18337823 PMID:20847263
• In addition to its cytoplasmic metabolic role, PKM2 functions as a nuclear protein kinase. Upon stimuli such as EGF receptor activation, PKM2 translocates to the nucleus and phosphorylates targets including STAT3 at Tyr-705 and histone H3 at Thr-11, promoting transcription of genes involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis (e.g., VEGFA), and tumorigenesis. Related references: PMID:18191611 PMID:21620138 PMID:22056988 PMID:22306293 PMID:22901803 PMID:24120661 PMID:33314660 PMID:26787900 PMID:17308100
• PKM2 is predominantly expressed in highly proliferative cells, including embryonic stem cells, embryonic carcinoma cells, and cancer cells, making it a well-established tumor biomarker. The adult isoform PKM1 is expressed in normal adult tissues and is generally absent from tumors. Related references: PMID:18337823
• PKM2 localizes to both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Its nuclear translocation is induced by various signaling pathways and is critical for its non-metabolic, oncogenic functions.
• Post-translational modifications such as acetylation, phosphorylation, hydroxylation, and methylation tightly regulate PKM2's metabolic activity, protein stability, and nuclear import, linking cellular metabolic status to signaling networks.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen is a synthetic peptide spanning amino acids 380–480 of human PKM2 (NP_002645.3), which lies within the unique C-terminal region that distinguishes PKM2 from the M1 isoform. This design suggests high specificity for PKM2 over PKM1.
• For Western blot, the predicted molecular weight of PKM2 is approximately 58 kDa. Validate the antibody's performance using appropriate positive controls (e.g., human cancer cell lines) and consider optimizing primary antibody dilution and exposure times.
• In immunofluorescence/immunocytochemistry (IF/ICC), test different fixation and permeabilization protocols to preserve PKM2 localization, as it can be both cytoplasmic and nuclear.
• For immunoprecipitation (IP), use native lysis conditions to maintain protein complexes and confirm target capture efficiency.
• When performing ELISA, establish standard curves with recombinant PKM2 protein and validate sensitivity and specificity in the relevant sample matrix.
• Cross-reactivity with mouse and rat PKM2 is indicated; verify target recognition in your specific experimental system using species-specific controls.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio serves as your comprehensive one-stop sourcing partner for IVD raw materials, offering an integrated portfolio that spans from concept to clinic. For researchers investigating glycolysis, tumor metabolism, and cancer biomarker applications, CamelBio delivers bulk ancillary reagents, validated antibody pairs, and optimized monoclonal antibodies like this PKM2-specific rabbit mAb. Beyond standard products, we excel in securing rare-target raw materials, providing technical services and consulting to streamline your diagnostic development pipeline.