Anti-PER1 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody - O15534

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: PER1 Function and Localization

• PER1, also known as Period circadian protein homolog 1, is a transcriptional repressor and core component of the circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system that generates ~24-hour rhythms in gene expression to regulate metabolism, sleep, body temperature, and other physiological processes.
• The molecular clock relies on a transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) where CLOCK or NPAS2 heterodimerizes with BMAL1 or BMAL2 to activate E-box-containing clock genes, while PER and CRY proteins accumulate, form complexes, and repress their own transcription, creating rhythmic oscillations.
• PER1 interacts with the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer to inhibit its transcriptional activity, negatively regulating core clock genes and clock-controlled genes, and also represses CRY2, preventing its repression of CLOCK/BMAL1 target genes such as FXYD5, SCNN1A, and PPARA.
• Alternative splicing yields multiple isoforms, with observed protein weights of approximately 136 kDa and 92 kDa, consistent with the heterogeneous molecular weight detected.
• Subcellular localization is primarily nuclear but also cytoplasmic, which may reflect dynamic shuttling during the circadian cycle.
• PER1 is widely expressed in human tissues, with highest levels in skeletal muscle, and is also found in heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, kidney, and other organs; at the protein level, it is present in hair follicles.
• Post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation and ubiquitination, fine-tune PER1 stability and activity, influencing the period length of circadian rhythms.
• Beyond the core clock, PER1 modulates glucocorticoid receptor activity, renal sodium reabsorption, neuroinflammatory pathways, and hair follicle cycling, highlighting its pleiotropic roles in physiology.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the N-terminal region (amino acids 1-200) of human PER1; the antibody is expected to recognize full-length PER1 and possibly N-terminal truncated isoforms.
• For Western blot, consider that endogenous PER1 may appear as bands around 136 kDa and/or 92 kDa due to alternative splicing; validate with appropriate positive controls (e.g., samples with high PER1 expression like skeletal muscle).
• In immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) and immunofluorescence (IF/ICC), note that PER1 localizes to both nucleus and cytoplasm; nuclear signal may be more prominent in synchronized cell systems.
• For ELISA applications, ensure the recombinant protein or peptide used for coating is compatible with the immunogen region.
• As circadian proteins exhibit temporal expression, time-course experiments may be necessary to capture peak PER1 levels; consider synchronizing cells with serum shock or dexamethasone before analysis.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio is a dedicated IVD raw-material partner offering comprehensive support from early research to clinical application, including validated antibody pairs, optimized mono/polyclonal antibodies, and bulk ancillary reagents. For circadian rhythm and transcription research, we provide high-quality anti-PER1 antibodies and can source complementary clock protein reagents, enabling efficient assay development. Let CamelBio streamline your sourcing needs with tailored supply solutions and expert technical alignment.