Anti-Mouse CD28 Monoclonal Antibody () for Flow Cytometry - P31041

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: CD28 Function and Localization

• CD28 is a T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein that serves as a co-stimulatory receptor essential for T-cell activation, proliferation, and survival, thereby maintaining immune homeostasis. Related references: PMID:7688139

• Upon engagement with its ligands CD80 (B7-1) or CD86 (B7-2), CD28 amplifies T-cell receptor (TCR) signals and delivers unique signals that alter the gene expression program of T-cells, leading to increased proliferation and cytokine production (e.g., IL-2) in both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets.

• Ligation of CD28 recruits protein kinase C-theta (PRKCQ) and GRB2, resulting in NF-kappa-B activation through both PI3K/Akt-dependent and -independent pathways.

• In conjunction with TCR/CD3 ligation and CD40L costimulation, CD28 enhances the production of IL-4 and IL-10 in T-cells.

• CD28 is localized to the cell membrane and contains a single transmembrane helix, with an extracellular immunoglobulin-like domain and a cytoplasmic tail involved in signaling.

• The protein is post-translationally modified by glycosylation and phosphorylation, and it features a disulfide bond that stabilizes its immunoglobulin domain.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• For flow cytometry, titrate the antibody to determine the optimal concentration for your specific cell type and experimental conditions.
• Include appropriate isotype control and fluorescence-minus-one (FMO) controls to ensure specific staining.
• The immunogen (amino acids 20-149) corresponds to the extracellular domain, suggesting the antibody may recognize the native conformation; however, validate in the relevant sample system.
• Consider cell surface staining protocols with live/dead discrimination for accurate T-cell subset analysis.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers, labs, and research institutes with one-stop access to IVD raw materials, technical services, and consulting—covering every stage from concept to clinic. This anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody is part of our immunology portfolio; we also supply validated antibody pairs, bulk ancillary reagents, and can source rare targets. Contact us for customized bulk orders and technical support.