Anti-HLA-E Polyclonal Antibody for WB and ELISA - P13747

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: HLA-E Function and Localization

• HLA-E is a non-classical MHC class Ib molecule (HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E) encoded by the HLA-E gene, also known as MHC class I antigen E.
• In complex with beta-2-microglobulin, HLA-E binds nonamer self-peptides derived from signal sequences of classical MHC class I molecules (VL9 peptides) and serves as a ligand for the inhibitory NK cell receptor KLRD1-KLRC1, enabling immune monitoring of MHC class I expression and self-tolerance. Related references: PMID:17179229, PMID:18083576, PMID:18339401, PMID:37264229
• Under cellular stress, HLA-E preferentially binds stress-induced chaperone peptides, leading to loss of recognition by KLRD1-KLRC1 and impaired NK cell protection. Related references: PMID:12461076
• HLA-E presents HLA-G-derived peptides to the activating receptor KLRD1-KLRC2, contributing to adaptive NK cell generation and maternal-fetal tolerance during pregnancy. Related references: PMID:30134159, PMID:37264229, PMID:9754572
• Beyond self-peptides, HLA-E can present pathogen-derived peptides from HIV, mycobacteria, and other microbes to CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, triggering antimicrobial immune responses. Related references: PMID:16474394, PMID:20195504, PMID:30087334, PMID:34228645, PMID:35705051
• HLA-E localizes to the cell membrane and Golgi apparatus membrane; a secreted form also exists.
• It is expressed in endothelial cells of all vessel types and in lymphoid organs on B cells, T cells, monocytes, macrophages, NK cells, and megakaryocytes; also detected in secretory endometrial cells during pregnancy.
• Contains disulfide bonds, is glycosylated, phosphorylated, and has a transmembrane helix.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the N-terminal region (amino acids 1-100) of human HLA-E (NP_005507.3), which includes the signal peptide. Consider that signal peptide cleavage might affect epitope availability in certain applications.
• For Western blot, the predicted band size is approximately 40 kDa. Validate detection in appropriate positive control lysates (e.g., human immune cells) and optimize exposure conditions.
• In ELISA, peptide blocking experiments can help confirm antibody specificity.

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