Anti-HLA-DPB1 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IHC-P, IF/ICC, ELISA - P04440

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: HLA-DPB1 Function and Localization

• HLA-DPB1 (also known as DPB1, HLA-DP1B) encodes the beta chain of the HLA class II histocompatibility antigen DP, which pairs with the alpha chain (HLA-DPA1) to form a functional MHC class II heterodimer on antigen-presenting cells.
• The heterodimer binds peptides of 10-30 residues derived from exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed and processed in the endosomal/lysosomal pathway, and presents them to CD4+ T helper cells, playing a central role in adaptive immunity.
• MHC class II molecule assembly occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum with the invariant chain (CD74), followed by transport to endosomal compartments where CD74 is proteolytically removed, leaving CLIP, which is then exchanged for antigenic peptides facilitated by HLA-DM.
• Subcellular localization includes the cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network, endosomes, and lysosomes, reflecting its trafficking and peptide-loading itinerary.
• Post-translational modifications include disulfide bond formation and N-linked glycosylation, which are critical for its structural stability and function.
• As an MHC class II molecule, HLA-DPB1 is fundamental in immune surveillance, transplantation biology, and associations with autoimmune diseases; it is also expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells acting as non-professional APCs.
• The protein has a predicted molecular weight of approximately 29 kDa (mature form after signal peptide cleavage).

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen is a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 40-100 of human HLA-DPB1; this region is predicted to be within the extracellular domain, suggesting the antibody may detect surface-expressed MHC II.
• In Western blotting under reducing conditions, expect a band near 29 kDa; however, due to glycosylation and possible dimerization, additional bands may be observed; consider using appropriate blocking and thorough validation.
• For immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) and immunofluorescence (IF/ICC), optimize antigen retrieval methods (e.g., heat-induced epitope retrieval) and antibody dilution; tissue fixation can affect epitope accessibility.
• The antibody cross-reacts with mouse and rat, indicating conserved epitopes; this can be leveraged for orthologous studies in rodent models, but cross-reactivity should be verified experimentally.
• For ELISA, pair this polyclonal antibody with a suitable capture antibody or antigen target; test different coating buffers and antibody concentrations to establish optimal conditions.

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