Anti-HLA Class 1 ABC Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IHC-P, ELISA - P04439 / P01889 / P10321

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: HLA Class 1 ABC Function and Localization

• The HLA class I alpha chain (HLA-A, -B, -C) constitutes the heavy chain of the classical major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecule. It non-covalently associates with beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) to present intracellular processed peptides on the cell surface for immune surveillance.
• In complex with B2M, HLA class I molecules display primarily viral and tumor-derived peptides (8-13 residues) to alpha-beta T cell receptors (TCR) on CD8+ T cells, guiding antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell responses to eliminate infected or transformed cells. Related references: PMID:10449296, PMID:12138174, PMID:12393434
• Additionally, HLA class I molecules present self-peptides derived from signal sequences of secreted or membrane proteins, contributing to T cell tolerance and prevention of autoimmunity. Related references: PMID:25880248, PMID:7506728, PMID:7679507
• The highly polymorphic HLA alleles determine peptide-binding motifs; for example, HLA-A*02:01 (the most common allele in human populations) presents immunodominant viral epitopes like IAV matrix protein (GILGFVFTL) and HIV-1 gag-pol (ILKEPVHGV), characterized by hydrophobic anchors at positions 2 and the C-terminus.
• HLA class I molecules are integral membrane glycoproteins localized at the cell membrane and endoplasmic reticulum membrane, where peptide loading and quality control occur.
• Post-translational modifications include glycosylation, disulfide bond formation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination; these regulate stability, trafficking, and immune recognition.
• Ubiquitously expressed in almost all nucleated cells, HLA class I molecules are fundamental for immune system homeostasis and self/non-self discrimination.
• The antibodies in this product target a conserved N-terminal region (aa 1-100) common to HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C, enabling broad recognition of classical MHC class I molecules.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• Immunogen design: The immunogen corresponds to a synthetic peptide covering amino acids 1-100 of human HLA-A, -B, and -C (based on NP_001229687.1). This N-terminal region includes the extracellular peptide-binding domain, ensuring reactivity with all three classical MHC class I molecules. For specific allele discrimination, consider using allele-specific antibodies.
• Western blotting (WB): Under reducing conditions, a band around 40 kDa is expected. Validate in appropriate human cell lysates (e.g., lymphocytes, tumor cell lines) with known HLA expression profiles.
• Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P): Due to the transmembrane nature of the target, antigen retrieval using heat-induced epitope retrieval (HIER) in citrate buffer (pH 6.0) may enhance detection. Optimize antibody dilution using positive (e.g., tonsil, spleen) and negative control tissues.
• ELISA: Suitable for direct or sandwich ELISA; pair with detection antibodies recognizing beta-2 microglobulin or specific HLA alleles. Validate with recombinant HLA proteins or natural MHC class I complexes.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers, laboratories, and research institutes with one-stop access to IVD raw materials, technical services, and consulting—from concept to clinic. Our HLA Class 1 ABC polyclonal antibody, along with validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal reagents, and bulk ancillary supplies, supports immunology and transplantation research. Leverage our sourcing expertise to secure rare target raw materials and accelerate your assay development pipeline.