Anti-Glutamine Synthetase (GLUL) Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IHC-P, IF/ICC, ELISA - P15104

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Glutamine Synthetase (GLUL) Function and Localization

• GLUL encodes the 42-kDa enzyme glutamine synthetase (also known as GS, GLNS, PIG43, PIG59) that catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine, a central reaction in nitrogen metabolism. Related references: PMID:16267323 PMID:30158707 PMID:36289327
• Its tissue-specific roles include: in the brain, detoxifying ammonia and converting neurotoxic glutamate to harmless glutamine; in the liver, participating in ammonia removal; and during erythropoiesis, detoxifying ammonium generated by heme biosynthesis (By similarity).
• Essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts. Related references: PMID:18662667
• Independently of its glutamine synthetase activity, it facilitates endothelial cell migration during vascular development by regulating membrane localization and activation of GTPase RHOJ, possibly through palmitoylation; may also function as a palmitoyltransferase. Related references: PMID:30158707
• Contributes to ribosomal 40S subunit biogenesis. Related references: PMID:26711351
• Interacts with BEST2 channel and modulates its activity in a glutamate-dependent manner, inhibiting basal channel activity but sensitizing it to intracellular glutamate. Related references: PMID:36289327
• Subcellular localization includes cytoplasm, cytosol, microsome, mitochondrion, and cell membrane. Post-translational modifications include acetylation, phosphorylation, palmitoylation, and ubiquitination. Highly expressed in endothelial cells.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen spans amino acids 1–373 of human GLUL (full-length protein). As a polyclonal antibody, it may recognize multiple epitopes; consider epitope mapping if precise binding sites are required.
• For Western blot (WB), the predicted molecular weight of GLUL is approximately 42 kDa. Verify band specificity using positive control lysates from human, mouse, or rat tissues with high GLUL expression (e.g., brain, liver, endothelial cells).
• For immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) and immunofluorescence (IF/ICC), optimize antigen retrieval and antibody dilution. GLUL exhibits cytoplasmic, mitochondrial, and membrane localizations; signal pattern may reflect these distributions.
• The antibody cross-reacts with mouse and rat GLUL, enabling comparative studies across species. Validate in the relevant sample system before quantitative comparisons.
• Additional applications such as ELISA are possible; however, appropriate assay validation is recommended.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers, labs, and research institutes with one-stop access to IVD raw materials, technical services, and consulting—covering every stage from concept to clinic. For glutamine synthetase (GLUL)-related projects, we offer validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and rare target raw-material sourcing. Partner with CamelBio to streamline your IVD development in metabolism, neuroscience, and oncology research.