Anti-GDF15 Polyclonal Antibody for IF/ICC, ELISA - Q99988

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: GDF15 Function and Localization

• Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), also known as macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1), NSAID-activated gene 1 protein (NAG-1), placental TGF-beta, and prostate differentiation factor, is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily.
• GDF15 acts as a hormone that signals various cellular stresses to the brain, triggering an aversive response characterized by nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite (PubMed:23468844, PubMed:24971956, PubMed:28846097). This mechanism promotes avoidance behavior to reduce further exposure to stressors (PubMed:30639358, PubMed:33589633, PubMed:38092039). Related references: PMID:23468844, PMID:24971956, PMID:28846097, PMID:30639358, PMID:33589633, PMID:38092039
• Signaling occurs through binding to its receptor GFRAL, which is expressed on neurons in the brainstem’s area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius (PubMed:28846097, PubMed:28846098, PubMed:28846099). This activates neuronal circuits in the parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala, part of an ‘emergency circuit’ that modulates stress responses (PubMed:28953886), and induces metabolic gene expression in adipose tissue (PubMed:31402172). Related references: PMID:28846097, PMID:28846098, PMID:28846099, PMID:28953886, PMID:31402172
• GDF15 contributes to weight loss by suppressing appetite and enhancing energy expenditure in muscle through calcium futile cycling (By similarity). It mediates the anorectic effects of metformin, with kidney-derived GDF15 activating GFRAL signaling (PubMed:31875646, PubMed:37060902), though its contribution to metformin-induced weight loss is debated (PubMed:36001956). Related references: PMID:31875646, PMID:37060902, PMID:36001956
• Overproduced in many cancers, GDF15 promotes anorexia and cachexia, contributing to cancer-associated weight loss and malnutrition (PubMed:32661391). Related references: PMID:32661391
• High circulating levels of GDF15 during pregnancy, primarily of fetal origin, are associated with nausea and vomiting; maternal sensitivity appears influenced by pre-pregnancy GDF15 levels (PubMed:38092039). Related references: PMID:38092039
• Detected in plasma (PubMed:28572090, PubMed:29046435) and highly expressed in the placenta, with lower levels in prostate, colon, and kidney (PubMed:37060902, PubMed:9348093). Related references: PMID:28572090, PMID:29046435, PMID:37060902, PMID:9348093
• Promotes metabolic adaptation during systemic inflammation from bacterial and viral infections, enhancing tissue tolerance and preventing tissue damage (PubMed:31402172), and acts as an inhibitor of leukocyte integrin activation to protect against cardiac rupture following myocardial infarction (By similarity). Related references: PMID:31402172

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to amino acids 197–308 of human GDF15, encompassing part of the C-terminal region that likely includes the mature protein domain. The antibody may recognize both the full-length precursor (approx. 34 kDa) and the cleaved mature form.
• For IF/ICC, fixation and permeabilization protocols should be optimized, as GDF15 is a secreted protein; retention of intracellular signal may require brefeldin A or monensin treatment.
• In ELISA, this polyclonal antibody can be used for capture or detection; pairing with a monoclonal antibody may improve assay specificity. Validate cross-reactivity and matrix effects in the intended sample type (e.g., plasma, serum, or culture supernatant).

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides a comprehensive sourcing solution for IVD raw materials, from validated antibody pairs to bulk ancillary reagents. This anti-GDF15 polyclonal antibody supports research into appetite regulation, cachexia, and stress biology, and CamelBio can assist in securing complementary reagents for diagnostic development. We help streamline your transition from concept to clinic with reliable, ready-to-scale materials.