Anti-GARS Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (KO Validated) for WB, IHC-P, IF/ICC, ELISA - P41250

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Glycine--tRNA ligase (GARS) Function and Localization

• GARS encodes Glycine--tRNA ligase (GlyRS; also designated GARS1), a bifunctional enzyme that acts as both an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and a diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) synthetase.
  Related references:
  PMID:17544401 PMID:24898252 PMID:28675565 PMID:19710017
• In its primary role, GARS catalyzes the ATP-dependent ligation of glycine to its cognate tRNA, forming Gly-AMP, a critical step in protein biosynthesis. It also produces Ap4A, a universal signaling molecule, by condensing two ATP molecules, thereby contributing to cellular regulation and Ap4A homeostasis.
  Related references:
  PMID:19710017
• GARS belongs to the class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family and is highly conserved across eukaryotes.
• The protein localizes to multiple subcellular compartments, including the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and extracellular exosomes, and is also found in axon projections, reflecting its diverse cellular roles.
• Post-translational modifications include acetylation and phosphorylation, which may regulate its enzymatic activity and subcellular distribution.
• Widely expressed across tissues, GARS is notably present in the brain, spinal cord, muscle, heart, spleen, and liver, underscoring its importance in both neuronal and non-neuronal systems.
• Mutations in GARS are associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D (CMT2D) and distal spinal muscular atrophy type V (dSMA-V), linking defective glycyl-tRNA synthetase function to peripheral neuropathy pathogenesis.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to residues 60–370 of human GARS (NP_002038.2), a conserved region; cross-reactivity with mouse and rat is expected, but validation in the desired species system is recommended.
• For Western blot (WB), a band at approximately 83 kDa is anticipated; consider using whole-cell lysates from human, mouse, or rat neuronal tissues or cell lines (e.g., SH-SY5Y, HeLa).
• In immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) and immunofluorescence (IF/ICC), optimal antigen retrieval conditions and antibody dilution may require empirical determination; including appropriate controls is advised.
• ELISA applications can be explored, but users should optimize coating conditions and antibody concentrations based on their specific assay format.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio serves as a comprehensive partner for IVD raw-material procurement, supporting diagnostic manufacturers and research laboratories from initial development to commercial production. This anti-GARS polyclonal antibody is suited for applications in protein synthesis and neurodegenerative disease research. Through our global supply network, we offer validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, bulk ancillary reagents, and specialized sourcing for rare targets, ensuring seamless integration into your workflows.