Anti-ERVW-1 (Syncytin-1) Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB and ELISA - Q9UQF0

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: ERVW-1/Syncytin-1 Function and Localization

• Syncytin-1 is a 60 kDa envelope glycoprotein encoded by the human endogenous retrovirus W (HERV-W) ERVW-1 (formerly ERVWE1) gene. It is synthesized as a precursor polyprotein (gPr73) that is cleaved into surface (SU) and transmembrane (TM) subunits.
• Syncytin-1 mediates cell-cell fusion via binding to the amino acid transporters SLC1A4 and SLC1A5, driving trophoblast fusion and syncytiotrophoblast formation during placental morphogenesis. Related references: PMID:10708449, PMID:12050356, PMID:23492904
• As a member of the endogenous retrovirus (ERV) envelope protein family, Syncytin-1 retains ancestral fusogenic properties but has been co-opted for a physiological role in placentation.
• The protein is localized primarily at the cell membrane and is incorporated into virions when expressed by certain cells.
• Key post-translational modifications include glycosylation, disulfide bond formation, and proteolytic cleavage at paired basic residues, all characteristic of a functional viral envelope protein.
• Tissue expression is highest in placental syncytiotrophoblast and testis; low levels are detected in many other tissues. Notably, Syncytin-1 mRNA and protein are significantly upregulated in astrocytes and microglia in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to amino acids 201–300 within the SU (surface) subunit of Syncytin-1, a region likely exposed in the native conformation, making the antibody suitable for ELISA and WB applications.
• For Western blot, a band near 60 kDa may represent the unprocessed precursor, while smaller bands (~30-40 kDa and ~20 kDa) could correspond to the SU and TM cleavage products. Using placental tissue lysates or cells ectopically expressing ERVW-1 as positive controls is recommended.
• In ELISA, the immunizing peptide can be used as a coating antigen or competitive inhibitor to confirm specificity. Validate performance using recombinant Syncytin-1 or serum/plasma from relevant samples.
• Sample preparation: consider that Syncytin-1 is a membrane protein; mild detergents or membrane-enriched fractionation may improve detection.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio offers a comprehensive portfolio of IVD raw materials, including validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, and bulk ancillary reagents, to support your diagnostic assay development from concept to clinic. This anti-ERVW-1 polyclonal antibody targets a unique endogenous retroviral envelope protein critical for placental biology and implicated in multiple sclerosis, making it valuable for research in reproductive and neurological disease diagnostics. Our team also facilitates sourcing for rare and custom targets, streamlining your raw-material procurement needs.