Anti-eIF2α Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, IHC-P, ELISA - P05198

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: eIF2α Function and Localization

• eIF2α, encoded by the EIF2S1 gene, is the alpha subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) complex, also known as eIF-2A or eIF-2alpha.
• The eIF2 complex forms a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA, binds to the 40S ribosomal subunit, and facilitates mRNA attachment to form the 43S pre-initiation complex; following 60S joining, GTP hydrolysis yields an eIF2-GDP complex that requires eIF2B-catalyzed nucleotide exchange for recycling. Related references: PMID:16289705 PMID:38340717
• eIF2α is a central regulator of the integrated stress response (ISR): phosphorylation by stress-sensing kinases (EIF2AK1/HRI, EIF2AK2/PKR, EIF2AK3/PERK, and EIF2AK4/GCN2) converts eIF2α into a global protein synthesis inhibitor, attenuating cap-dependent translation while promoting translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activators ATF4 and QRICH1. Related references: PMID:19131336 PMID:33384352 PMID:38340717
• Upon mitochondrial damage, phosphorylated eIF2α relocalizes to the mitochondrial surface and activates PRKN-independent mitophagy. Related references: PMID:38340717
• Subcellularly, eIF2α is found in the cytoplasm, cytosol, stress granules, and mitochondria, consistent with its roles in translation and stress signaling.
• The protein undergoes acetylation and phosphorylation, and is classified as an initiation factor, phosphoprotein, and RNA-binding protein.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the N-terminal region (amino acids 1–315) of human eIF2α, which includes domains critical for eIF2 complex formation and phosphorylation sites; this design may offer broad reactivity across species and recognition of both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms.
• For Western blot (WB), the predicted molecular weight is ~36 kDa; consider using appropriate gel percentages and include relevant controls, such as cell lysates treated with stress inducers (e.g., thapsigargin, tunicamycin), to observe potential phosphorylation-induced shifts.
• For immunofluorescence (IF/ICC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC-P), validate staining patterns in the cytoplasm and stress granules under normal and stress conditions; ensure proper permeabilization and antigen retrieval protocols.
• Cross-reactivity with mouse and rat suggests suitability for rodent models; however, confirm sequence homology and validate in the specific experimental system.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers and research institutes with one-stop access to IVD raw materials, including validated antibody pairs, optimized monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies, and bulk ancillary reagents. For eIF2α-related research in translation regulation and stress signaling, we offer tailored sourcing solutions for rare targets and technical consultation to support your assay development from concept to clinic.