Anti-Cytochrome C Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, IHC-P, ELISA - P99999

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Cytochrome C Function and Localization

• Cytochrome c (CYCS; aliases CYC, HCS, THC4) is a small heme protein of approximately 12 kDa that serves as an electron carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
• It accepts electrons from the cytochrome c1 subunit of complex III and transfers them to cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), driving ATP synthesis.
• In apoptosis, cytochrome c is released from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytoplasm, where it binds Apaf-1 to form the apoptosome, activating caspase-9 and downstream caspases.
• The protein contains a covalently attached heme group with a central iron atom, essential for its redox function.
• Post-translational modifications include acetylation and phosphorylation; mutations in CYCS are linked to human disease.
• It is predominantly localized in the mitochondrial intermembrane space under normal conditions.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen (recombinant fragment covering amino acids 1–105 of human Cytochrome C) supports detection of both full-length and processed (mature) forms.
• For Western blot, expect a band near 12 kDa; consider using mitochondrial-enriched lysates for optimal detection.
• In immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry, localization to mitochondria may appear punctate; validate staining with appropriate controls and consider antigen retrieval methods for paraffin sections.
• The polyclonal nature of this antibody may provide robust signal across species (human, mouse, rat) but could also produce background; titrate carefully.
• For ELISA, pair with a matched detection antibody and validate with recombinant protein standards.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

As a leading IVD raw-material supplier, CamelBio provides diagnostic developers and researchers with ready-to-use polyclonal antibodies like this Cytochrome C antibody, complemented by antigen-grade recombinant proteins, secondary antibodies, and ancillary reagents. We support apoptosis and mitochondrial research programs with scalable antibody pairs, optimized monoclonals, and custom sourcing for rare targets. Contact us to streamline your next-generation assay development with consolidated, quality-controlled materials.