Anti-Cytochrome C Monoclonal Antibody for WB, IHC-P, ELISA - P99999

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: Cytochrome C Function and Localization

• Human cytochrome c (encoded by the CYCS gene) is a small heme protein functioning as an essential electron carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
• It accepts an electron from the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase and transfers it to the cytochrome oxidase complex, facilitating ATP production.
• Beyond its role in oxidative phosphorylation, cytochrome c is a critical mediator of apoptosis. Upon apoptotic stimuli, it is released from mitochondria into the cytosol.
• In the cytosol, cytochrome c binds to Apaf-1, promoting caspase-9 activation and the subsequent caspase cascade that executes programmed cell death.
• The protein localizes to the mitochondrial intermembrane space and undergoes post-translational modifications including acetylation and phosphorylation.
• It contains a covalently attached heme group and binds iron, essential for its electron transfer activity.
• UniProt keywords highlight its involvement in diseases and its identification via direct protein sequencing and proteomics.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen is a synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal region (amino acids 1–105) of human cytochrome c; it may recognize both native and denatured forms in various applications.
• For Western blot, consider loading 10–20 µg of total protein lysate and use appropriate positive controls (e.g., HeLa or Jurkat cell lysate).
• In immunohistochemistry (paraffin-embedded), antigen retrieval and optimization of antibody dilution may be necessary for specific tissue types.
• Validate the antibody's performance in your experimental system, especially when detecting cross-reactive mouse or rat cytochrome c.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides a comprehensive portfolio of IVD raw materials, from validated antibody pairs and optimized monoclonal antibodies to bulk ancillary reagents. For mitochondrial and apoptosis research, CamelBio offers reliable anti-cytochrome c antibodies and custom sourcing for rare targets. Explore our supply capabilities to accelerate your diagnostic and research projects.