Anti-cGAS Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IHC-P, IF/ICC, ELISA - Q8N884

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: cGAS Function and Localization

• Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS, also known as MB21D1) is a 522-amino acid nucleotidyltransferase that catalyzes the synthesis of 2'3'-cGAMP from ATP and GTP, playing a central role in innate immunity.
  Related references: PMID:21478870, PMID:23258413, PMID:23707061
• Upon binding double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) longer than 40 bp, cGAS undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation, forming droplets that enhance its catalytic activity to produce 2'3'-cGAMP, which then acts as a second messenger to activate STING1 and induce type-I interferons.
  Related references: PMID:28314590, PMID:28363908, PMID:29976794, PMID:30007416
• As a DNA sensor, cGAS detects cytosolic DNA from invading pathogens—including DNA viruses, retroviruses (e.g., HIV-2), and bacteria like Mycobacterium tuberculosis—triggering antimicrobial immune responses.
  Related references: PMID:28363908, PMID:35613581, PMID:23929945, PMID:26048138, PMID:24269171, PMID:30270045, PMID:26046437
• In stressed or damaged cells, endogenous DNA leaking from the nucleus or mitochondria (e.g., during senescence, mitotic arrest, or SARS-CoV-2 infection) activates cGAS, linking it to sterile inflammation, autoimmunity, and cellular senescence.
  Related references: PMID:28738408, PMID:28759889, PMID:31299200
• Nuclear cGAS is tightly regulated: interaction with nucleosomes blocks its DNA-binding activity to prevent autoimmunity, while association with PARP1 inhibits homologous recombination DNA repair.
  Related references: PMID:31299200, PMID:32911482, PMID:32912999, PMID:30356214, PMID:31544964
• Human cGAS shows species-specific DNA recognition properties, producing lower levels of 2'3'-cGAMP compared to other mammals, which may confer a more fine-tuned immune response.
  Related reference: PMID:30007416
• cGAS is primarily cytosolic but also localizes to the nucleus, chromatin, and plasma membrane. It is expressed in monocytic cells (e.g., THP-1 line) and is subject to multiple post-translational modifications, including acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and palmitoylation.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to amino acids 350–522 of human cGAS (NP_612450.2), covering the C-terminal catalytic domain. For Western blotting, expect a band at approximately 59 kDa. Validate specificity in cGAS-expressing cell lines such as THP-1.
• This antibody is suitable for detecting cGAS in human, mouse, and rat samples via WB, IHC-P, IF/ICC, and ELISA. Due to sequence conservation, cross-reactivity should be verified in the species of interest.
• For immunohistochemistry (IHC-P), optimization of antigen retrieval and primary antibody dilution is recommended. For IF/ICC, permeabilization conditions may affect nuclear versus cytosolic staining patterns.
• The catalytic activity of cGAS depends on DNA binding and phase separation; thus, the antibody may be used to study cGAS activation states in conjunction with biochemical assays.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio provides diagnostic manufacturers and research laboratories with streamlined access to IVD raw materials, including validated antibodies like this anti-cGAS polyclonal antibody for innate immunity and inflammation research. Our portfolio includes ready-to-use antibody pairs, bulk monoclonal/polyclonal reagents, and ancillary raw materials, supported by technical consultation. For specialized targets or custom sourcing needs, CamelBio offers a flexible supply chain solution from concept to clinic.