Anti-CD68 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody for WB, IF-P, IHC-P, ELISA - P34810

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: CD68 Function and Localization

• CD68, also known as macrosialin, GP110, LAMP4, or SCARD1, is a heavily glycosylated type I transmembrane protein belonging to the lysosomal/endosome-associated membrane glycoprotein (LAMP) family. It contains a mucin-like domain and a transmembrane helix.
• Alternative splicing of the CD68 gene generates multiple isoforms, which may contribute to functional diversity in different cell types or cellular compartments.
• CD68 plays a pivotal role in the phagocytic activities of tissue macrophages, participating both in intracellular lysosomal metabolism and in extracellular cell-cell and cell-pathogen interactions. It binds to tissue- and organ-specific lectins or selectins, thereby facilitating the homing of macrophage subsets to particular sites.
• The protein undergoes rapid recycling between endosomes, lysosomes, and the cell membrane, a dynamic process that may enable macrophages to crawl over selectin-bearing substrates or other cells.
• Subcellularly, CD68 localizes primarily to the cell membrane, endosome membrane, and lysosome membrane, consistent with its roles in vesicular trafficking and surface adhesion.
• CD68 is highly expressed in blood monocytes and tissue macrophages. It is also found, to a lesser extent, in lymphocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and numerous tumor cell lines. In tumors, CD68 expression may promote selectin-mediated adhesion to vascular endothelium, potentially aiding metastatic dissemination.
• Post‑translational modifications include extensive N‑ and O‑linked glycosylation, which accounts for the protein’s apparent molecular weight being higher than the predicted 37 kDa on SDS‑PAGE. The protein also contains disulfide bonds and a signal peptide.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen used is a synthetic peptide (aa 100‑200 of human CD68), suggesting that the antibody recognizes a linear epitope. For western blotting, standard reducing and denaturing conditions should be suitable; however, due to heavy glycosylation, the observed band may migrate above the predicted 37 kDa. Consider using deglycosylation enzymes to confirm specificity if needed.
• For immunofluorescence on paraffin-embedded sections (IF‑P) and immunohistochemistry (IHC‑P), antigen retrieval is recommended because CD68 is a membrane protein often localized in intracellular compartments. Optimize fixation (e.g., 4% PFA or formalin) and permeabilization to ensure access to the epitope in endosomes/lysosomes.
• When using this antibody in ELISA, validate performance against recombinant CD68 protein or lysates from CD68‑expressing cell lines (e.g., THP‑1 monocytes/macrophages) to confirm sensitivity and specificity.
• As CD68 is a marker for macrophages, include appropriate positive (e.g., human macrophage lysates) and negative (e.g., CD68‑knockout samples or isotype controls) controls in all experiments to verify target specificity.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

CamelBio streamlines the procurement of IVD raw materials for macrophage and tumor marker research, offering validated monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies such as this anti-CD68 clone, along with optimized ELISA pairs and ancillary reagents. Backed by a one‑stop supply chain model, we provide consistent quality, bulk availability, and technical consulting to help diagnostic developers accelerate their transition from concept to clinical application.