Anti-C3 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, ELISA - P01024

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: C3 Function and Localization

• Complement C3 is the central component of the classical, alternative, lectin, and GZMK complement pathways. It is the precursor of the C3b opsonin that covalently attaches to pathogen surfaces, marking them for phagocytosis, and forms the C5 convertase complex that activates complement C5. Related references: PMID:28264884, PMID:31507604, PMID:3653927, PMID:6903192, PMID:12878586, PMID:18204047, PMID:2387864, PMID:624565, PMID:6554279
• The C3a anaphylatoxin, generated by C3 convertase cleavage, binds to the C3AR1 receptor, inducing mast cell and basophil degranulation, chemotaxis of macrophages and neutrophils, and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Related references: PMID:6968751, PMID:37169960, PMID:37852260, PMID:8702752, PMID:23383423, PMID:342601, PMID:5778786
• C3 functions as an adipogenic hormone, stimulating triglyceride synthesis and glucose transport in adipocytes through the C5AR2 receptor and downstream PLC, MAPK, and AKT signaling pathways. Related references: PMID:10432298, PMID:15833747, PMID:16333141, PMID:11773063, PMID:12540846, PMID:19615750
• It acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils in chronic inflammation.
• C3 is secreted and also found on the cell surface, with its reactive thioester bond enabling covalent attachment to target surfaces.
• Plasma is the primary site of C3, but it is also produced and released by adipocytes during fasting and postprandial periods.
• Post-translational modifications include glycosylation, disulfide bond formation, thioester bond formation, and phosphorylation, critical for its stability and function.

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to the C3c fragment (amino acids 1364-1663); the antibody may recognize full-length C3 and cleavage products containing this region, such as C3b and C3c.
• For Western blot (WB), a band around 187 kDa is expected under reducing conditions; additional lower molecular weight bands may appear due to physiological C3 processing.
• For immunofluorescence/ICC, appropriate fixation and permeabilization protocols should be optimized; consider using a positive control such as serum-treated cells or tissue sections to assess specific staining.
• In ELISA applications, pairing with other C3 antibodies or complement markers may enhance sensitivity; include appropriate negative controls to confirm specificity.
• Validate the antibody in relevant sample systems (e.g., human, mouse, rat) and consider its performance in complement activation assays.

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