Anti-BiP/GRP78 Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody for WB, IF/ICC, IHC-P, ELISA - P11021

Core Product Specifications and Parameters

Biological Background: BiP/GRP78 Function and Localization

• BiP/GRP78, also known as 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP-78), Binding-immunoglobulin protein (BiP), and heat shock protein family A member 5 (HSPA5), is a member of the HSP70 family of chaperones encoded by the HSPA5 gene. It is primarily localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen but can also be found in melanosomes, cytoplasm, and on the cell surface under certain conditions.
• BiP plays a central role in ER protein folding and quality control by facilitating correct protein folding and targeting terminally misfolded proteins for degradation. This function involves interaction with cofactors such as DNAJC10/ERdj5. Related references: PMID:2294010, PMID:23769672, PMID:23990668
• As a master regulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR), BiP binds and inactivates the ER stress sensors EIF2AK3/PERK and ERN1/IRE1 under non-stress conditions. Accumulation of misfolded proteins causes BiP release, triggering UPR activation and downstream signaling. Related references: PMID:11907036, PMID:1550958, PMID:19538957
• BiP has been implicated in the post-translational translocation of small presecretory proteins across the ER membrane, possibly by modulating the SEC61 translocon. It may also contribute to apoptosis and cell proliferation. Related references: PMID:26045166
• BiP can act as a receptor for several viruses, including Dengue virus, Zika virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus, facilitating their attachment and entry into host cells. Additionally, it serves as a receptor for CotH proteins from mucorales fungi, playing a role in the epithelial invasion during mucormycosis. Related references: PMID:15098107, PMID:28053106, PMID:33432092, PMID:20484814, PMID:24355926, PMID:32487760
• BiP contains conserved HSP70 ATPase and substrate-binding domains and is subject to various post-translational modifications, including acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, nitration, and ubiquitination.
• The calculated molecular weight of BiP/GRP78 is approximately 72.3 kDa as determined from its amino acid sequence (UniProt: 72333 Da).

Experimental Guidance and Technical Tips

• The immunogen corresponds to amino acids 531-630 of human BiP/GRP78 (NP_005338.1), a region conserved across human, mouse, rat, and pig, which may contribute to the antibody's broad cross-reactivity.
• For western blot analysis, a specific band at approximately 72 kDa is expected; validate specificity using appropriate positive and negative controls, and consider antigen blocking experiments.
• The antibody's suitability for IF/ICC and IHC-P indicates potential for cellular localization studies; optimize fixation and permeabilization conditions for ER-resident proteins.
• Given BiP's presence in multiple subcellular compartments (ER, melanosome, cytoplasm, cell surface), co-staining with organelle-specific markers or subcellular fractionation may be beneficial for definitive localization.

CamelBio: Your One-Stop Sourcing Bridge

As a dedicated IVD raw-material sourcing partner, CamelBio supports your assay development with a comprehensive portfolio of monoclonal antibodies, recombinant antigens, and ancillary reagents. This BiP/GRP78 antibody is well-suited for research in ER stress, UPR, and host-pathogen interactions, and our team can assist with bulk orders, antibody pair optimization, and technical consulting to streamline your diagnostic projects.